The common advice to 'find your purpose' can be counterproductive. It boxes you into a static self-identity, creating friction and existential crises whenever you grow or your interests change. A more flexible approach is to focus on a set of core values that guide you, rather than a single, reductive 'purpose'.

View yourself not as a static entity with fixed traits, but as an ever-evolving process. This shift in perspective, suggested by political scientist J. Eric Oliver, allows for growth and change, freeing you from the illusion that you are "stuck" in your current state.

We often fail to appreciate how much we will change in the future, a bias called the "end-of-history illusion." This causes us to misjudge our ability to cope with major life changes, as we don't account for the new capabilities we'll develop in response to the challenge itself.

Since the brain builds future predictions from past experiences, you can architect your future self by intentionally creating new experiences today. By exposing yourself to new ideas and practicing new skills, you create the seeds for future automatic predictions and behaviors, giving you agency over who you become.

To identify how you've changed, review your calendar from a year ago. The activities, people, or mindsets that now make you cringe are the clearest signals of your evolution and updated thinking. This is a tangible way to measure personal software updates.

True transformation requires three steps. First, 'See' your blind spots. Second, 'Shift' by defining your ideal identity. Third, 'Sustain' the new behaviors with disciplined systems. Most people fail by jumping straight to 'Shift' (action) without the critical self-awareness from the 'See' stage.

What made you a great PM will not make you a great director. The journey into leadership is a process of being humbled, recognizing your worldview is incomplete, and adapting your thinking. If you are not humble enough to change your mind, you will struggle to grow in your career.

When leaders get stuck, their instinct is to work harder or learn new tactics. However, lasting growth comes from examining the underlying beliefs that drive their actions. This internal 'operating system' must be updated, because the beliefs that led to initial success often become the very blockers that prevent advancement to the next level.

People mistakenly believe their current selves are final, underestimating future personal change. This cognitive bias leads young professionals to take unfulfilling but high-paying jobs, wrongly assuming they can easily pivot to a passion later in life.