A leader's ability to make fast, informed decisions depends on their network. The ultimate test of that network's effectiveness is whether you are just one text message away from getting the crucial inputs or expert opinions needed to fill an information gap quickly.

To get past surface-level answers and understand someone's true motivations, ask them to go deeper than their initial statement. Then ask again, and a third time. This simple technique pushes past rehearsed responses, and the third answer is typically the one closest to the real truth.

The amateur sales question "Are you the decision-maker?" often elicits a defensive 'yes'. A more sophisticated and effective approach is to ask, "Who else is involved in the decision-making process?" This respects the contact's position while successfully mapping the buying committee.

In fast-growing, chaotic companies, leaders often feel pressured to have all the answers. This is a trap. Your real job is not to know everything, but to be skilled at finding answers by bringing the right people together. Saying 'I don't know, let's figure it out' is a sign of strength, not weakness.

Solving truly hard problems requires a form of 'arrogance'—an unwavering belief that a solution is possible, even after months or years of failure. This 'can-do' spirit acts as an accelerator, providing the persistence needed to push through challenges where most would give up.

When a prospect gives one-word answers, repeatedly and politely ask "Can you give me an example of that?" or "Can you be more specific?" This simple loop forces them to move from vague statements to the concrete details needed to build a case for your solution.

Instead of accepting the first answer to a problem, this framework from Toyota's founder involves asking 'why' five consecutive times. This process drills down past surface-level symptoms to uncover the fundamental issue, a crucial skill in a world of information overload.

Aim to make decisions when you have between 40% and 70% of the necessary information. Striving for more than 70% leads to slow, inefficient decision-making, allowing competitors to get ahead. The key is making timely, good-enough decisions, not perfect ones.

Success in sales is often a game of attrition that most people lose by giving up too early. While 91% of salespeople give up after four attempts, the average deal requires eight 'asks' to get a yes. Simply being persistent gives you a massive statistical advantage over the vast majority of your competition.