A thriving innovation economy cannot be sustained by only creating jobs for the highly educated. The most resilient strategies deliberately select tech sectors like cybersecurity and drone maintenance which offer a wide range of accessible jobs, creating pathways for the existing blue-collar workforce to upskill and participate.

Instead of selling software to traditional industries, a more defensible approach is to build vertically integrated companies. This involves acquiring or starting a business in a non-sexy industry (e.g., a law firm, hospital) and rebuilding its entire operational stack with AI at its core, something a pure software vendor cannot do.

Illinois is strategically positioning itself as a national quantum computing leader by orchestrating collaboration between universities, national labs, and state funding. This targeted, deep-tech focus contrasts with the broader, more common goal of simply becoming an "AI hub," showcasing a more nuanced approach to regional economic development.

Instead of building AI models, a company can create immense value by being 'AI adjacent'. The strategy is to focus on enabling good AI by solving the foundational 'garbage in, garbage out' problem. Providing high-quality, complete, and well-understood data is a critical and defensible niche in the AI value chain.

Instead of diversifying randomly, a more effective strategy is to expand into adjacent verticals. Leverage your existing, happy clients for introductions into these parallel industries. This approach uses your established credibility and relationships as a bridge to new markets, lowering the barrier to entry.

Instead of choosing between tech hubs like Austin and San Francisco, founders can adopt a hybrid model. Spend a concentrated period (1-3 months) in a high-density talent hub like SF to build domain expertise and relationships, then apply that capital back in a lower-cost home base.

Don't underestimate the size of AI opportunities. Verticals like "AI for code" or "AI for legal" are not niche markets that will be dominated by a few players. They are entire new industries that will support dozens of large, successful companies, much like the broader software industry.

Seeing an existing successful business is validation, not a deterrent. By copying their current model, you start where they are today, bypassing their years of risky experimentation and learning. The market is large enough for multiple winners.

Instead of predicting short-term outcomes, focus on macro trends that seem inevitable over a decade (e.g., more e-commerce, more 3D interaction). This framework, used by Tim Ferriss to invest in Shopify and by Roblox for mobile, helps identify high-potential areas and build with conviction.