Leaders focus on obvious cultural differences like language. However, the divide between departments in the same organization (e.g., military vs. State Department) can be larger and more insidious because it’s less apparent, leading to misinterpretation rooted in different organizational norms and assumptions.

The popular 'warts-and-all' leadership style can be perceived as weakness if the company culture values a more traditional, stoic approach. Leaders must first assess their organization's unwritten rules of leadership and then decide whether to conform, subtly push for change, or find a new environment.

Some leaders are powerful in a small room but appear wooden on camera. The ability to project charisma through a lens is a separate skill from in-person magnetism. This "television charisma" is becoming increasingly crucial for political viability, and the two are not interchangeable.

The US has historically benefited from a baseline level of high competence in its government officials, regardless of party. This tradition is now eroding, being replaced by a focus on loyalty over expertise. This degradation from competence to acolytes poses a significant, underrecognized threat to national stability and global standing.

Leaders are often insulated from the daily operational friction their teams face. This creates an illusion that tasks are simple, leading to impatience and unrealistic demands. This dynamic drives away competent employees who understand the true complexity, creating a vicious cycle.

Rather than being a problem, public criticism of the military serves a vital function. It forces politicians and leaders to rigorously test their hypotheses and ethics, preventing a descent into an unchecked, aggressive "Team America world police" mentality.

The inability to execute basic administrative functions, like correctly appointing a prosecutor, is more than just embarrassing—it's a national security risk. It projects weakness and incompetence on the world stage, eroding the 'brand' of American capability and emboldening adversaries who see a clown car instead of a superpower.

True leadership is revealed not during prosperity but adversity. A “wartime general” absorbs pressure from difficult clients or situations, creating a safe environment for their team. They don't pass down fear, which distinguishes them from “peacetime generals” who only thrive when things are good.

Culture isn't about values listed on a wall; it's the sum of daily, observable behaviors. To build a strong culture, leaders must define and enforce specific actions that embody the desired virtues, especially under stress. Abstract ideals are useless without concrete, enforced behaviors.