Deciding between email and a face-to-face conversation for a tough message isn't about what's easiest for you. The choice should be a strategic one based on the desired relational outcome. Use email for transactional updates; use direct conversation to preserve relationships.

The directive to 'stay in your lane' is often used to silence dissent. Counter this by expanding your definition of your lane beyond your industry expertise (e.g., marketing) to include your fundamental values (e.g., empowering women). This reframes speaking out as staying true to your authentic mission.

A manufactured persona feels uncanny and creates a bait-and-switch for employees. Instead, identify a founder's true archetype and strategically amplify the authentic traits most useful for the business, like turning up the volume on a specific aspect of their personality.

In high-visibility roles, striving for perfect communication is counterproductive. Mistakes are inevitable. The key to credibility is not avoiding errors, but handling them with authenticity. This display of humanity makes a communicator more relatable and trustworthy than a polished but sterile delivery.

An executive who moved from Chicago to Tokyo felt like an imposter and considered changing his leadership style. The best advice he received was the opposite: lean in *more* to who you are. Authenticity is a universal language that transcends cultural and professional barriers.

Stanford's famous "Interpersonal Dynamics" course teaches a counterintuitive leadership principle: sharing personal vulnerabilities and imperfections doesn't weaken a leader's position. Instead, it builds trust and fosters stronger connections, shifting relationships from a mystery to something one can actively shape through authentic behavior.

People are more willing to accept and incorporate feedback about traits they see as secondary, like being "well-spoken" or "witty." Tying feedback to core identity traits, such as kindness or integrity, is more likely to be perceived as a threat and trigger a defensive response.

People instinctively categorize others based on identity markers, meaning leaders will always be "missorted" through flawed assumptions. Instead of fighting this, effective leaders must accept this reality and act authentically, rather than becoming paralyzed by attempts at perception management.

Leaders often try to project an image of perfection, but genuine connection and trust are built on authenticity and vulnerability. Sharing your "brokenness"—insecurities or past struggles—is more powerful than listing accolades, as it creates psychological safety and allows others to connect with you on a human level.