For projects requiring hundreds of millions, fundraising should be split into phases. The initial "pre-industrialization" phase, focused on proving technology, is suited for venture capital. Later phases for manufacturing and scaling should target project finance structures with debt/equity combinations and strategic partners.

Merge's founder views the seed round not just as a capital raise but as a test of street smarts and sales skills. How a founder manages intros, creates FOMO, and navigates the "dating game" with VCs is a direct indicator of their future success in acquiring actual customers.

Investors like Stacy Brown-Philpot and Aileen Lee now expect founders to demonstrate a clear, rapid path to massive scale early on. The old assumption that the next funding round would solve for scalability is gone; proof is required upfront.

For startups experiencing hyper-growth, the optimal strategy is to raise capital aggressively and frequently—even multiple times a year—regardless of current cash reserves. This builds a war chest, solidifies a high valuation based on momentum, and effectively starves less explosive competitors of investor attention and capital.

With fundraising rounds closing in weeks instead of months, investors can no longer conduct exhaustive diligence on every detail. The process has become more efficient by treating the current business model as table stakes and focusing limited time on underwriting the core thesis for future, non-obvious growth.

Merge intentionally avoided charging its first customers. Once enough pipeline was built, they "turned on" revenue to manufacture a rapid growth story ($0 to $1M in 7 months), creating powerful momentum for fundraising, hiring, and marketing.

Raising venture capital is often a network-driven game. If you don't already have a network of VCs or a clear path through an accelerator, your focus should not be on fundraising. Instead, dedicate your effort to building a product people want and gaining traction. VCs will find you once you have something compelling to show.

Prepared's founder rejected running a formal fundraising process. Instead, he had infrequent 'coffee chats' with investors to share progress. This built relationships and momentum, leading to preemptive term sheets and much faster closes without the distraction of a full-time fundraise.

The right time to raise capital isn't always for aggressive growth. For Boll & Branch's founders, it was when personal financial pressure from debt became overwhelming. Raising money to de-risk their personal lives allowed them to run the business with "clear heads."