Citing philosopher Hannah Arendt, Rabbi Brous argues that widespread social alienation is a precondition for violent political extremism. Isolation renders people powerless and unable to act together for the common good, creating fertile ground for tyranny.
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Political violence and extreme polarization are symptoms of deeper economic anxieties. When people feel economically insecure, they retreat into tribal identities and become susceptible to narratives of anger, which can escalate into violence.
Despite gains in affluence and safety, modern life has led to increased depression and loneliness. Humans thrive on hardship and the feeling of being essential to their "tribe." The isolation of modern society strips away this sense of necessity, a core human need for fulfillment.
People feel lonely because they fill their finite capacity for social connection (Dunbar's number) with one-sided parasocial relationships from social media. These connections occupy mental "slots" for real friends, leading to a feeling of social emptiness in the real world.
New York Times columnist Ross Douthat argues the root of modern anxiety isn't just policy, but a growing sense that digital culture and AI are making humans obsolete. This feeling fuels unhappiness, loneliness, and demographic decline, which in turn manifests as political polarization.
We spend more time alone due to structural factors and technology that enable avoiding interaction. This 'interiority' is a self-reinforcing cycle: as we interact less, our social skills can atrophy and social inertia sets in, making it progressively more difficult and energy-intensive to re-engage with others.
The inability for young people to afford assets like housing creates massive inequality and fear. This economic desperation makes them susceptible to populist leaders who redirect their anger towards political opponents, ultimately sparking violence.
As the general public tunes out of daily politics, the remaining participants are the most extreme, creating an "evaporative cooling" effect. This leaves a small, hyper-engaged, and radicalized group to dominate political platforms, distorting the perception of public sentiment.
Most people (88%) agree on fundamental values but remain silent, fearing ostracization. This allows the most extreme 5% of voices to dominate 90% of public discourse, creating a false impression of widespread disagreement and polarization where one doesn't exist.
This concept describes a psychological state where empathy is completely withdrawn from an "out-group." This allows individuals to justify and even celebrate violence against perceived enemies, seeing it not as murder but as a necessary and righteous act in service of their in-group.
The crisis facing young men is fundamentally economic. Their declining viability as providers prevents family formation, a cornerstone of societal stability. This economic frustration leads to anger and radicalization, making the "lonely, broke young man" a uniquely destabilizing force in society.
