History’s most shocking atrocities are defined less by their authoritarian leaders and more by the 'giant blob of enablers' who facilitate them. The current political climate demonstrates this, where professionals and politicians abdicate their expertise and principles to avoid conflict, becoming complicit in the process and allowing destructive ideologies to gain power.

The late 19th-century movement for international arbitration was heavily associated with female activists. Opponents successfully cast diplomacy as a "feminized" weakness, arguing that war was necessary to reassert masculine virtues and authority in American politics and counter women's growing influence.

National service offers a structured "gap year" for boys, whose emotional maturity often lags their development. It acts as a "societal take-two," providing a second chance to mature and find direction without immediate academic or career pressures, specifically addressing a cohort in crisis.

When a political movement is out of power, it's easy to unify against a common opponent. Once they gain power and become the establishment, internal disagreements surface, leading to factions and infighting as they debate the group's future direction.

Studying history can be a calming practice. It reveals that past eras were often far worse than the present, providing a soothing perspective that humanity has endured and overcome similar or greater challenges before. This counters the modern feeling of unique, terminal decline.

A key reason for past legislative success was that leaders shared a common identity forged in military service. Reinstating mandatory national service could create 'connective tissue' among diverse young people, fostering a unified identity as citizens first and foremost, before individual identity groups.

Western education systems have spent decades teaching students that nationalism is dangerous and universal humanity is the true political community. This creates a strategic weakness, as states cannot expect these same generations to instantly adopt a strong national identity and be willing to fight for their country when a geopolitical crisis demands it.

Historian Anne Applebaum observes that significant US constitutional amendments often follow profound national traumas like the Revolution or the Civil War. This suggests that without a similar large-scale crisis, mustering the collective will to address deep-seated issues like systemic corruption is historically difficult, as there is no single moment of reckoning.

Humans can endure immense suffering, misery, and ugliness, but find boredom intolerable. This powerful aversion is an underestimated catalyst for major historical events, social movements, and even revolutions, as people seek excitement and a sense of purpose over monotony.