Companies mistakenly bundle management with authority, forcing top performers onto a management track to gain influence. Separate them. Define management's role as coordination and context-sharing, allowing senior individual contributors to drive decisions without managing people.

To become a more effective leader with a holistic business view, deliberately seek experience across various interconnected functions like operations, marketing, and sales. This strategy prevents the narrow perspective that often limits specialized leaders, even if it requires taking lateral or junior roles to learn.

The transition to managing managers requires a fundamental identity shift from individual contributor to enabler. A leader's value is no longer in their personal output. They must ask, "Is it more important that I do the work, or that the work gets done?" This question forces a necessary focus on delegation, empowerment, and system-building.

Don't wait for a promotion or for the perfect role to be created. The most effective path to leadership is to proactively identify and take on critical, unowned tasks within your organization. This demonstrates value and allows you to carve out a new role for yourself based on proven impact.

The transition from a hands-on contributor to a leader is one of the hardest professional shifts. It requires consciously moving away from execution by learning to trust and delegate. This is achieved by hiring talented people and then empowering them to operate, even if it means simply getting out of their way.

It's nearly impossible to hire senior product or engineering leaders who are also fluent in AI. The advice for experienced managers is to step back into an Individual Contributor (IC) role. This allows them to build hands-on AI skills, demonstrating the humility and beginner's mindset necessary to lead in this new era.

Despite being on a clear track to Director, Ilya Grigorik chose a lateral, likely down-leveled move to an IC role. He traded guaranteed career progression for greater control over his time, the freedom to pursue deep technical interests, and the ability to work on problems he was passionate about.

A founder's role is constantly changing—from individual contributor to manager to culture builder. Success requires being self-aware enough to recognize you're always in a new, unfamiliar role you're not yet good at. Sticking to the old job you mastered is a primary cause of failure to scale.

The transition from manager to director requires a shift from managing tactical details to 'directing.' A director's value comes from high-level strategy, cross-departmental resource connection, and solving organizational problems, not from knowing more than their direct reports.