For projects requiring hundreds of millions, fundraising should be split into phases. The initial "pre-industrialization" phase, focused on proving technology, is suited for venture capital. Later phases for manufacturing and scaling should target project finance structures with debt/equity combinations and strategic partners.

Raise capital when you can clearly see upcoming growth and need resources to service it. Tying your timeline to operational milestones, like onboarding new customers, creates genuine urgency and momentum. This drives investor FOMO and helps close deals more effectively than an arbitrary deadline.

Top founders fundraise like a confident person on a first date. They project that their company will succeed with or without a specific investor's money. This shifts the dynamic from seeking capital to offering a strategic partnership, forcing VCs to justify why they should be on the cap table.

Raising too much money at a high valuation puts a "bogey on your back." It forces a "shoot the moon" strategy, which can decrease capital efficiency, make future fundraising harder, and limit potential exit opportunities by making the company too expensive for acquirers.

After an exit, founders with capital can easily build passion projects not grounded in market reality—a "fun house." Lerman learned this by self-funding a music AI company. He advises raising external capital, even if unnecessary, to enforce the market discipline and accountability required for success.

For startups experiencing hyper-growth, the optimal strategy is to raise capital aggressively and frequently—even multiple times a year—regardless of current cash reserves. This builds a war chest, solidifies a high valuation based on momentum, and effectively starves less explosive competitors of investor attention and capital.

The rise of founder-optimized fundraising—raising smaller, more frequent rounds to minimize dilution—is systematically eroding traditional VC ownership models. What is a savvy capital strategy for a founder directly translates into a VC failing to meet their ownership targets, creating a fundamental conflict in the ecosystem.

Raising venture capital is often a network-driven game. If you don't already have a network of VCs or a clear path through an accelerator, your focus should not be on fundraising. Instead, dedicate your effort to building a product people want and gaining traction. VCs will find you once you have something compelling to show.

The most effective fundraising strategy isn't a rigid, time-boxed "process." Instead, elite founders build genuine relationships with target VCs over months. When it's time to raise, the groundwork is laid, turning the fundraise into a quick, casual commitment rather than a competitive, game-driven event.