Corporate creativity follows a bell curve. Early-stage companies and those facing catastrophic failure (the tails) are forced to innovate. Most established companies exist in the middle, where repeating proven playbooks and playing it safe stifles true risk-taking.

When faced with total collapse, Harvey Firestone didn't just cut prices. He used the crisis as a filter to identify employees who thrived under pressure and ruthlessly simplified the company, cutting the sales force by 75% and the ad department from 105 to 7.

For years, Sonya Lee's founder was financially supported by her husband, stuck on a "hamster wheel" of just sustaining her studio. The emotional and financial strain became untenable, creating a one-year "pressure cooker" ultimatum. This crisis forced a complete business re-evaluation that she had avoided for years, ultimately leading to success.

Many brands retreat to safety during turmoil. However, a true existential crisis can be a unique opportunity, forcing teams to abandon failing playbooks and embrace the unorthodox, high-risk creative ideas that would otherwise be rejected by the system.

During its turnaround, Lego moved planning meetings from closed offices to the factory floor. This "visual factory" made production data, challenges, and decisions transparent to everyone, creating a powerful, shared sense of urgency and alignment across the entire workforce.

A significant failure can be the necessary catalyst for crucial strategic changes, such as hiring key talent or overhauling planning. This externally forced reflection breaks through the leadership hubris that often causes leaders to wrongly believe enthusiasm alone is a strategy.

Prosperity breeds complacency, leading businesses to overspend and expand into non-core areas. This dilutes focus and creates vulnerabilities. In contrast, bad times force the discipline and process improvements that build resilient companies, exposing what's missing in the operation.

Thumbtack's "Google death penalty"—being completely de-indexed—was a crisis that could have killed the company. Co-founder Jonathan Swanson reframes this intense period as a favorite experience because it forged team unity and resilience, proving that existential threats can become powerful, positive catalysts.

Contrary to the idea of limitless brainstorming, true innovation accelerates when leaders define clear boundaries. As seen in Lego's turnaround, providing constraints challenges teams to develop more focused, creative, and profitable solutions within a limited space.