The NFT market's boom and bust mirrors the web 1.0 crash. Greed-fueled speculation has given way to a focus on genuine collecting. A small number of projects with real utility and community will survive and become the dominant players, much like Amazon and PayPal did post-2000.

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Similar to the dot-com era, the current AI investment cycle is expected to produce a high number of company failures alongside a few generational winners that create more value than ever before in venture capital history.

A surge in highly speculative assets may not indicate a strong economy. It can be a sign that people feel so far behind financially that they're placing huge bets, believing in an "only up" market out of desperation rather than confidence.

Today's massive AI company valuations are based on market sentiment ("vibes") and debt-fueled speculation, not fundamentals, just like the 1999 internet bubble. The market will likely crash when confidence breaks, long before AI's full potential is realized, wiping out many companies but creating immense wealth for those holding the survivors.

While painful for retail investors, significant market downturns serve a crucial function by purging speculative excess and redirecting capital toward higher-quality assets. This consolidation allows for a more sustainable market structure, with wealth built first in Bitcoin before diversifying into riskier assets.

Successful collectibles investing goes beyond an asset's intrinsic value or a player's performance. The key is analyzing the collector base's financial stability, their willingness to hold during dips, and whether a few "whales" control the supply—factors that determine market resilience.

The dot-com era was not fueled by pure naivete. Many investors and professionals were fully aware that valuations were disconnected from reality. The prevailing strategy was to participate in the mania with the belief that they could sell to a "greater fool" before the inevitable bubble popped.

Collectibles are on the verge of becoming a major cultural pillar on par with music, sports, or fashion. Social media fuels this by enabling sharing and community-building, turning personal collections into a form of expression and an alternative investment class.

The dot-com era saw ~2,000 companies go public, but only a dozen survived meaningfully. The current AI wave will likely follow a similar pattern, with most companies failing or being acquired despite the hype. Founders should prepare for this reality by considering their exit strategy early.

The dot-com bubble didn't create wealth in 1999; it destroyed it. Generational wealth came from buying and holding survivors like Amazon *after* its stock had fallen 95%. The winning strategy isn't timing the crash, but surviving it and holding quality assets through the long recovery.

Marks argues that speculative bubbles form around 'something new' where imagination is untethered from reality. The AI boom, like the dot-com era, is based on a novel, transformative technology. This differs from past manias centered on established companies (Nifty 50) or financial engineering (subprime mortgages), making it prone to similar flights of fancy.