Contrary to the view that useful AI agents are a decade away, Andrew Ng asserts that agentic workflows are already solving complex business problems. He cites examples from his portfolio in tariff compliance and legal document processing that would be impossible without current agentic AI systems.

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The evolution of 'agentic AI' extends beyond content generation to automating the connective tissue of business operations. Its future value is in initiating workflows that span departments, such as kickstarting creative briefs for marketing, creating product backlogs from feedback, and generating service tickets, streamlining operational handoffs.

Contrary to the vision of free-wheeling autonomous agents, most business automation relies on strict Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Products like OpenAI's Agent Builder succeed by providing deterministic, node-based workflows that enforce business logic, which is more valuable than pure autonomy.

To discover high-value AI use cases, reframe the problem. Instead of thinking about features, ask, "If my user had a human assistant for this workflow, what tasks would they delegate?" This simple question uncovers powerful opportunities where agents can perform valuable jobs, shifting focus from technology to user value.

True Agentic AI isn't a single, all-powerful bot. It's an orchestrated system of multiple, specialized agents, each performing a single task (e.g., qualifying, booking, analyzing). This 'division of labor,' mirroring software engineering principles, creates a more robust, scalable, and manageable automation pipeline.

Treat advanced AI systems not as software with binary outcomes, but as a new employee with a unique persona. They can offer diverse, non-obvious insights and a different "chain of thought," sometimes finding issues even human experts miss and providing complementary perspectives.

Enterprises are trapped by decades of undocumented code. Rather than ripping and replacing, agentic AI can analyze and understand these complex systems. This enables redesign from the inside out and modernizes the core of the business, bridging the gap between business and IT.

Instead of focusing on foundational models, software engineers should target the creation of AI "agents." These are automated workflows designed to handle specific, repetitive business chores within departments like customer support, sales, or HR. This is where companies see immediate value and are willing to invest.

Agentic AI will evolve into a 'multi-agent ecosystem.' This means AI agents from different companies—like an airline and a hotel—will interact directly with each other to autonomously solve a customer's complex problem, freeing humans from multi-party coordination tasks.

The transition from AI as a productivity tool (co-pilot) to an autonomous agent integrated into team workflows represents a quantum leap in value creation. This shift from efficiency enhancement to completing material tasks independently is where massive revenue opportunities lie.

The future of AI is not just humans talking to AI, but a world where personal agents communicate directly with business agents (e.g., your agent negotiating a loan with a bank's agent). This will necessitate new communication protocols and guardrails, creating a societal transformation comparable to the early internet.