A decade ago, 88% of a tech company's value was created post-IPO. For recent IPOs, 55% of the market cap creation happened while the company was still private, fundamentally changing where investors capture growth.

Companies and investors should disregard initial post-IPO market volatility. According to Robinhood's CFO, the true measure of a successful public offering isn't apparent for three, five, or even ten years. The key is to maintain a long-term focus on building customer value.

In the 1980s, companies like Apple went public early as a fundraising necessity, allowing public investors to capture most of the growth. Today, robust private markets mean companies stay private longer, making IPOs primarily a liquidity event for insiders and VCs, with less upside left for the public.

The traditional purpose of an IPO—raising capital for company growth—is obsolete. Today, companies scale using private equity and only go public to allow early investors and insiders to cash out. This means the public market captures significantly less of a company's early, high-growth phase.

The perceived slowdown in public SaaS growth is misleading. The metric is skewed because no new, high-growth companies are going public. The current average only reflects the natural deceleration of older companies without the offsetting effect of fast-growing IPOs that historically lifted the median.

The paper wealth generated on IPO day is a misleading metric due to lockup periods and market volatility. A more accurate mental model for an investor's actual return is the company's market capitalization 18 months after the public offering. This timeframe provides a truer 'locked in value' after initial hype and selling pressure subsides.

Despite initial excitement, the market's enthusiasm for IPOs has cooled significantly. Many newly public tech companies, including high-quality ones like Figma, are trading well below their peaks or even their IPO price, indicating the floodgates for public exits have not truly reopened.

A predictable pattern in IPO investing is a stock price decline following the 90 to 180-day lock-up period. This occurs when insiders (employees, founders) are finally allowed to sell their shares, flooding the market with supply and often causing the price to crater.

Companies like SpaceX and OpenAI command massive private valuations partly because access to their shares is scarce. An IPO removes this barrier, making the stock universally available. This loss of scarcity value can lead to a valuation decline, a pattern seen in other assets like crypto when they became easily accessible via ETFs.