A new structural driver for gold is demand from emerging market central banks seeking to mitigate geopolitical risks. Events like the freezing of Russia's reserves have accelerated a trend of buying gold to reduce exposure to sanctions and to back their own currencies, creating a higher floor for prices.

The surge in metals isn't just inflation (debasement). It's driven by emerging markets diversifying away from US dollar assets (de-dollarization) after Russia's assets were frozen, and a broader hoarding of physical assets that can't be seized amid rising geopolitical tensions.

Raghuram Rajan explains that central banks are increasing gold reserves not just for diversification, but as a direct response to geopolitical risks like the seizure of Russian assets. This 'weaponization of payments' erodes trust in holding reserves in foreign currencies, making physically controlled gold more attractive as a neutral asset.

The US freezing Russian assets and cutting SWIFT access during the Ukraine war demonstrated the risks of relying on the dollar. This prompted countries like China to accelerate their diversification into gold, viewing it as a geopolitically neutral asset to reduce their vulnerability to US foreign policy and sanctions.

Gold's historic link to US real yields broke after the US froze Russian reserves. This forced global central banks to reassess risk and buy gold regardless of price, creating a powerful new source of demand and structurally altering the market, a change now being followed by sovereign wealth funds.

Commodities with atomic numbers (metals) are being hoarded as strategic assets in a de-globalizing world. Meanwhile, carbon-hydrogen commodities (oil, food) are suppressed by governments prioritizing affordability and inflation control, creating a major performance divergence.

Global central banks are buying gold not just for diversification, but as a strategic hedge against geopolitical risks. The use of financial sanctions against nations like Russia has accelerated this trend, as countries seek assets outside the direct control of the US-dominated financial system.

The strategic value of commodities in a modern portfolio has shifted from generating returns to providing a crucial hedge against two growing threats. These are unsustainable fiscal policies that weaken currencies ('debasement risk') and the increasing use of commodities as geopolitical weapons that cause supply disruptions.

Attributing gold's strength solely to de-dollarization is too narrow. Central banks are buying gold not just to avoid US sanctions, but as a hedge against the debasement of all major fiat currencies. It's a protest against the entire global monetary system.