A 100-year chart of the S&P 500 priced in gold shows a major cyclical peak was hit in late 2021, similar to 1929 and 2000. This inflection point suggests a long-term, decade-plus trend reversal favoring hard assets like gold and Bitcoin over U.S. equities.

Facing unprecedented government debt, a cycle of money printing and currency devaluation is likely. Investors should follow the lead of central banks, which are buying gold at record rates while holding fewer Treasury bonds, signaling a clear institutional strategy to own hard assets.

Concerns over US term premium have receded partly because the Treasury buyer base has stabilized. The declining share of price-insensitive buyers (Fed, foreign investors, banks), which fell from 75% to 50% over a decade, has finally stopped falling, creating a more supportive demand backdrop.

J.P. Morgan's bullish gold forecast isn't just about investor flight to safety. It's underpinned by inelastic mine supply failing to meet structurally higher demand from central banks, who can buy fewer tons at higher prices to maintain reserve targets, creating a strong floor for the market.

JPMorgan forecasts a drop in central bank gold purchases in 2026. This isn't a bearish change in strategy, but a mechanical effect of higher prices. At over $4,000/oz, central banks can buy fewer tons to achieve their desired percentage allocation of gold reserves, indicating continued structural demand.

The US dollar reached its peak global dominance in the early 2000s. The world is now gradually shifting to a system where multiple currencies (like the euro and yuan) and neutral assets (like gold) share the role of reserve currency, marking a return to a more historically normal state.

Despite gold's significant volatility, G10 FX markets remained stable. This is because the historically strong relationship between FX and the gold-oil ratio has broken down this year. FX markets did not react to gold's earlier run-up, so they similarly ignored its recent sharp decline.

Unlike in 1971 when the U.S. unilaterally left the gold standard, today's rally is driven by foreign central banks losing confidence in the U.S. dollar. They are actively divesting from dollars into gold, indicating a systemic shift in the global monetary order, not just a U.S. policy change.

Unlike Bitcoin, which sells off during liquidity crunches, gold is being bid up by sovereign nations. This divergence reflects a strategic shift by central banks away from US Treasuries following the sanctioning of Russia's reserves, viewing gold as the only true safe haven asset.