To overcome loyalty bias toward long-tenured employees, leaders should reframe performance reviews. Instead of asking if they are "good enough," ask, "Knowing our future needs, would I hire this person for this role today?" This clarifies whether their skills match future requirements, enabling objective talent decisions.

Standard reference checks yield generic praise. To identify true A-players, ask their former colleagues a high-stakes question: “Would you quit your current job to work for this person again?” An enthusiastic “yes” is the strongest hiring signal you can get.

To differentiate talent, serial founder Brad Jacobs imagines a key employee resigning. If his reaction is relief, they're a C-player. If it's manageable inconvenience, a B-player. But if the thought induces "pure terror and absolute panic," they are an irreplaceable A-player you must retain.

This "counterfactual" test helps assess your true impact. If someone equally qualified would immediately replace you, your unique contribution is low, even in a seemingly high-impact job. The goal is to find roles where your absence would create a genuine void, as that represents your true marginal impact.

To clarify difficult talent decisions, ask yourself: "Would I enthusiastically rehire this person for this same role today?" This binary question, used at Stripe, bypasses emotional ambiguity and provides a clear signal. A "no" doesn't mean immediate termination, but it mandates that some corrective action must be taken.

Thirty days after a new person starts, ask: "Knowing what I know today, would I hire this person?" If the answer is yes, praise them. If the answer is no, fire them immediately. This forces a decisive action before a bad fit can damage team morale, as everyone else already knows they aren't a fit.

Your internal monologue during hiring reveals if you're making the right choice. If you think, "I really need to fill this role," you're on the path to settling. The right candidate sparks the feeling of, "I don't even care if I have a role for this person, I have to get them in."

True A-players act as partners, not just employees. A simple test to identify them is to ask yourself: "Do I actively want to talk to this person about this complex problem?" If you don't seek their advice, you don't view them as a true peer.

True A-players are 'undeniable' drivers whose impact is immediately obvious. If you find yourself constantly wondering or second-guessing if someone is the right fit, they are a B-player. Trust that indecision as a signal to cut them fast, as B-players create drag on the entire team.