Instead of focusing on adding more features, the best product design identifies a desired outcome and systematically removes every obstacle preventing the user from achieving it. This subtractive process, brilliantly used for the iPhone, creates an elegant user experience that drives adoption and retention.
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Reducing the number of clicks is a misguided metric. A process with eight trivially easy clicks is better than one with two fraught, confusing decisions. Each decision burns cognitive energy and risks making the user feel stupid. The ultimate design goal should be to prevent users from having to think.
The most retentive products eliminate the "drudgery" of work by making complex tasks feel simple and intuitive. Users are hooked by the feeling of being in their natural flow, a more powerful motivator for retention than purely functional metrics like time saved.
The obsession with removing friction is often wrong. When users have low intent or understanding, the goal isn't to speed them up but to build their comprehension of your product's value. If software asks you to make a decision you don't understand, it makes you feel stupid, which is the ultimate failure.
A delightful user experience should be as intuitive as answering a phone call. If users need to learn a multi-step process for a core feature, the product's design has failed to solve the problem simply.
The objective of user experience design isn't to build a feature-rich interface, but to remove as many barriers as possible between the user and their fundamental goal. Using Uber Eats as an example, the app succeeds by making the interface disappear, returning the user to the simple act of "searching for food."
Design is often mistaken for aesthetics, like choosing a border radius. Its real function is architectural: defining the simplest possible system with the fewest core concepts to achieve the most for users. Notion's success, for example, comes from being built on just blocks, pages, and databases, not from surface-level UI choices.
Adopt an "unshipping" culture. If a feature doesn't meet a predefined usage bar after launch, delete it. While a small subset of users may be upset, removing the feature reduces clutter and confusion for the majority, leading to a better overall user experience.
Delight goes beyond surface-level features. It's about creating products that solve practical problems while also addressing users' emotional states, like reducing stress or creating joy. This is achieved by removing friction, anticipating needs, and exceeding expectations.
To create web apps that feel native on mobile, the most crucial design principle is aggressive reductionism. Vercel founder Guillermo Rauch's advice is to "delete, delete, delete, delete" every non-essential UI element to force clarity and respect the user's fleeting attention span.
The era of winning with merely functional software is over. As technology, especially AI, makes baseline functionality easier to build, the key differentiator becomes design excellence and superior craft. Mediocre, 'good enough' products will lose to those that are exceptionally well-designed.
