Your best reps are often "unconsciously competent" and can't explain their own success. Before an SKO, leaders must help these individuals deconstruct their process and build a prescriptive presentation, translating their individual "art" into a replicable science for the entire sales team.

A common mistake for new managers is to do their reps' jobs for them, especially in tough deals. This approach, born from insecurity or a desire to prove worth, prevents the team from developing self-sufficiency and ultimately fails to scale. The manager's true job is to build skills and muscle in their reps.

Vercel COO Jean Grosser's litmus test for a great salesperson is that engineers shouldn't be able to tell they aren't a PM for at least 10 minutes. This requires deep product knowledge, enabling sales to act as an R&D function by translating customer feedback into valuable product signals.

Leaders often expect reps to drive one-on-ones, but the best leaders prepare beforehand with a clear point of view and desired outcomes, treating their reps like internal customers who deserve preparation.

A sales leader's job isn't to ask their team how to sell more; it's to find the answers themselves by joining sales calls. Leaders must directly hear customer objections and see reps' mistakes to understand what's really happening. The burden of finding the solution is on the leader.

In the pre-product-market fit stage (the first ~20 deals), the sales leader's primary role is not just closing revenue, but acting as a product manager. They must be in every meeting to gather objections, find pockets of value, and translate raw market feedback into actionable insights for the engineering team.

A sales leader's value isn't in managing from headquarters. It's in being on the front lines, personally engaging in the most challenging deals to figure out the winning sales motion. Only after living in the field and closing landmark deals can they effectively build a playbook and teach the team.

Counterintuitively, the best sales leaders often come from companies with mediocre products. Their ability to hit numbers despite a weak offering demonstrates exceptional sales skills, which are then amplified when they are given a great product to sell.

Managers often enforce sales tactics rigidly without understanding the underlying principles. To be a true coach, a leader must grasp the 'why' behind every tactic (e.g., 'no demos on the first call'). This enables them to teach reps not just the rule, but also the context for when it's smart to deviate.