Leaders maintain power by ensuring the population is divided. When people are fighting amongst themselves (e.g., left vs. right), they are not uniting to challenge the ruling class. A king and queen 'high-five' when they see their subjects fighting because it means the citizens are not focused on storming the castle walls.

Historical data since World War II shows that when authoritarian regimes fall, they lead to a stable democracy only about 20% of the time. The most common outcome—in over 80% of cases—is the replacement of one authoritarian system with another, a sobering statistic for post-regime change planning in countries like Iran.

Targeting a regime's leader, assuming it will cause collapse, is a fallacy. Resilient, adaptive regimes often replace the fallen leader with a more aggressive individual who is incentivized to lash back simply to establish their own credibility and power.

A political system is in jeopardy when its citizens and leaders prioritize their ideological causes above the system's rules and stability. This creates irreconcilable differences, making compromise impossible and leading to internal conflict and eventual breakdown, a pattern observed repeatedly throughout history.

History, particularly the French Revolution, shows that when a society reaches a point where the working class cannot afford basic necessities despite their labor, the risk of violent upheaval skyrockets. This reflects a simmering rage against a perceived obscene wealth gap.

Historical revolutions, like Iran's in 1979, are not clear-cut events with a predetermined winner. For years, they exist in a state of flux with multiple factions competing for control. The eventual outcome is only obvious in hindsight, not to those living through the uncertainty.

Proponents of radical political systems suffer from "main character syndrome," assuming they'll be planners or lords. History shows intellectuals and revolutionaries are often the first to be imprisoned or killed by the new regime they helped create.

History shows a recurring cycle in revolutions where the activists and idealists who help destabilize a country—so-called 'useful idiots'—are often the first to be killed by the new autocratic regime they usher in. This pattern was seen in Russia, Iran, and with the French Revolution.

In times of extreme polarization, the political middle is not a safe haven but a kill zone. Moderates are targeted by both sides because they have no tribe to defend them. The escalating cost of neutrality forces everyone to pick a side, eliminating compromise and accelerating conflict.