Despite proven cost efficiencies from deploying fine-tuned AI models, companies report the primary barrier to adoption is human, not technical. The core challenge is overcoming employee inertia and successfully integrating new tools into existing workflows—a classic change management problem.

An effective AI strategy pairs a central task force for enablement—handling approvals, compliance, and awareness—with empowerment of frontline staff. The best, most elegant applications of AI will be identified by those doing the day-to-day work.

AI is a 'hands-on revolution,' not a technological shift like the cloud that can be delegated to an IT department. To lead effectively, executives (including non-technical ones) must personally use AI tools. This direct experience is essential for understanding AI's potential and guiding teams through transformation.

The biggest resistance to adopting AI coding tools in large companies isn't security or technical limitations, but the challenge of teaching teams new workflows. Success requires not just providing the tool, but actively training people to change their daily habits to leverage it effectively.

Implementing AI is becoming less of a technical challenge and more of a human one. The key difficulties are in managing change, helping people adapt to new workflows, and overcoming resistance, making skills like design thinking and lean startup crucial for success.

A clear framework for managing AI-driven change is essential. It involves four key steps: 1) Secure absolute buy-in from leadership. 2) Involve frontline workers in the conversation. 3) Have leadership consistently and transparently communicate positive intent. 4) Create a safe environment for experimentation and learning.

The Goldman Sachs CEO differentiates between two types of AI adoption. Giving employees AI tools to make them more productive is relatively easy. The much harder, yet more impactful, challenge is fundamentally re-engineering long-standing, complex processes like customer onboarding from the ground up.

Leaders often misjudge their teams' enthusiasm for AI. The reality is that skepticism and resistance are more common than excitement. This requires framing AI adoption as a human-centric change management challenge, focusing on winning over doubters rather than simply deploying new technology.

Recognizing that not all employees will embrace new technology like AI, AT&T's marketing organization tasked a dedicated change management expert to drive adoption. This person runs internal "campaigns," including training and contests, to bring along more hesitant team members and ensure widespread usage.