Like basketball coaches who make players analyze game film to spot momentum shifts, business leaders can use 'what-if' teams. By regularly gaming out hypothetical market shifts or competitor actions, they train the organization to recognize and seize real opportunities when they arise.

CEO Sam Altman reveals "code reds" are a deliberate, frequent strategy, not panic. OpenAI treats competitive threats like pandemics, believing intense, early action is far more effective than delayed responses, even if the threat doesn't fully materialize. This reframes a crisis as a calculated, proactive maneuver.

Navigating technological upheaval requires the same crisis management skills as operating in a conflict zone: rapid pivoting, complex scenario planning, and aligning stakeholders (like donors or investors) around a new, high-risk strategy. The core challenges are surprisingly similar.

To maintain a competitive edge, Mastercard's CEO personally uses rival products like Visa or AmEx. He frames this as "testing out" the competition to understand their user experience firsthand and provide direct feedback to his own product teams.

As part of their annual strategy refresh, a top CEO leads her team in a "blank sheet" exercise: designing a new company from scratch to compete with them. This proactive self-disruption forces them to identify their own weaknesses and market gaps, generating fresh ideas to incorporate into their actual business strategy.

Unlike tech companies that replan weekly, Mastercard's strategy isn't driven by short-term economic data. Instead, they focus on fundamental, multi-year shifts in consumer payment preferences, like "Buy Now, Pay Later," and re-architect their network accordingly.

The fluid nature of AI means traditional moats are unreliable. Defensibility is no longer a static plan but a daily practice of innovation and execution. Even established public companies feel threatened, proving that staying ahead requires constant movement and earning your position every day.

DBS CEO Sushan explains that the Singaporean slang "kiasu" (scared to lose) creates a productive paranoia. This fear of being left behind is the cultural DNA that forces the bank and the nation to constantly evolve and stay ahead, embodying the principle that only the paranoid survive.

Businesses should operate in a constant state of "offense"—innovating, seeking new clients, and exploring new services. Being forced into offense because of a defensive situation (like losing a major client) is far less effective and more stressful than proactive growth.