Across 26 countries, the most common source of awe was not grand landscapes but the "moral beauty" of ordinary people—witnessing the kindness, courage, and virtue of neighbors, strangers, and family members. This suggests human goodness is a profound and universal inspiration.
Contrary to popular belief, awe is not always a positive emotion. It can be deeply uncomfortable because it introduces profound uncertainty and destabilizes our understanding of the world. Experiences like a powerful storm can feel both awe-inspiring and threatening simultaneously.
Psychologist Dacher Keltner developed dozens of severe panic attacks after moving from California to Wisconsin. The unfamiliar climate and culture created a profound sense of isolation that manifested physically, highlighting the deep link between environment and mental health.
To an expert mathematician, an equation can be beautiful because they can imagine its power to explain phenomena. This reveals that mastery isn't just knowledge; it's the ability to see abstract concepts aesthetically and connect them to a wider, meaningful context.
The ultimate purpose of education should be the development of the whole person, not just content acquisition. In this model, learning specific content is the *means* by which a student grows, rather than being the final outcome itself. This prioritizes personal development over test scores.
Awe is not just appreciating beauty; it's a cognitive process defined by encountering vast mysteries that require a "need for accommodation." This means you must rearrange your existing knowledge structures and mental models to make sense of the new, incomprehensible experience.
An MRI study showed that when Montessori students answered a math problem incorrectly, their brains showed active grappling to understand the mistake. In contrast, traditionally schooled kids' brains showed patterns suggesting frustration, and they were less likely to learn from the error.
A study on older adults found that taking a weekly "awe walk" became more effective with repetition, countering the typical hedonic treadmill effect. Participants felt increasing awe over eight weeks and their sense of self became smaller, as seen in the photos they took.
Effective learning isn't data storage. Neuroscientist Mary Helen Imordino-Yang argues that our emotional thought processes become a "hat stand" for information. To retrieve the facts, we re-experience the associated emotion, making subjective engagement central to memory.
True learning requires "transcendent thinking"—the natural drive to find deeper meaning beyond surface details. This involves grappling with a subject's history, hidden intentions, values, and alternative future possibilities, connecting concrete information to bigger ideas and stories.
A study found that students who spent just one to two minutes looking up at tall eucalyptus trees were subsequently more likely to help a stranger pick up dropped pens. This shows that even fleeting moments of awe can trigger immediate prosocial behavior.
Experiencing awe quiets our ego-focused identity. In experiments, people standing near a T-Rex skeleton later defined themselves with broad, collective terms like "a human" or "a mammal," rather than individualistic traits like "ambitious," demonstrating a shift away from the self.
Just as crawling is a vital developmental step for babies even though adults don't crawl, some learning processes that AI can automate might be essential for cognitive development. We shouldn't skip steps without understanding their underlying neurological purpose.
A psychologist combated his own severe anxiety by engaging in activities like team basketball and loud rock concerts. These experiences allowed him to "get outside of himself" and lose his narrow preoccupations, demonstrating that awe-inducing activities can be a powerful therapeutic escape from anxiety's self-focus.