True habit formation isn't about the action itself but about embodying an identity. Each small act, like one pushup, is a "vote" for the type of person you want to be. This builds evidence and makes the identity—and thus the habit—resilient and deeply ingrained.

Reframe a new goal to align with a person's existing identity and skills. Neuroscientist Emily Falk was convinced to take up running when her brother framed it as a task for academics, who excel at planning and long-term work. This shifted the activity from a foreign physical challenge to something that leveraged her pre-existing strengths, making it more appealing.

Celebrating small, tracked achievements builds belief in your capabilities. This belief eventually shapes your identity (e.g., 'I am a person who works out'). Once an action is part of your identity, it becomes effortless and automatic, eliminating the need for constant motivation.

Instead of setting multiple, often-failed New Year's resolutions, focus on installing just one new positive habit per quarter (e.g., meditating 10 minutes a day). This slow, steady approach leads to four foundational habits a year, which compound over time for transformative results.

The decision to exercise is often a daily debate that drains willpower. By pre-committing to exercising every day, you eliminate the "if" and change the mental conversation to a simple logistical question of "when." This reframing makes consistency far more achievable.

Instead of building many habits at once, focus on one or two 'upstream' ones that cause a cascade of positive effects. For example, exercising regularly often leads to better sleep, improved focus, and healthier eating habits without directly trying to change them.

Instead of trying to suppress a bad habit, the key is to perform a positive, easy habit immediately after the unwanted behavior occurs. This leverages neuroplasticity by linking the trigger for the bad habit to a new, positive outcome, effectively rewriting the neural script over time.

Contrary to the 'no pain, no gain' ethos, science shows that finding a way to make goal pursuit pleasant is critical for long-term success. If you hate every second of a new habit, you will quickly quit. Following Mary Poppins' advice, adding 'a spoonful of sugar' dramatically improves outcomes.

Behavioral scientist Katie Milkman created a rule to only listen to her favorite 'lowbrow' audiobooks while at the gym. This technique, called 'temptation bundling,' links a desirable activity with a dreaded one, making you look forward to the chore and increasing consistency.