Block's CTO reveals a counterintuitive lesson: reorganizing from a GM-based structure to a functional one (where all engineers report to one org) was the key to their AI transformation. This structural change had a greater productivity impact than any specific AI tool they implemented.

While current AI tools focus on individual productivity (e.g., coding faster), the real breakthrough will come from systems that improve organizational productivity. The next wave of AI will focus on how large teams of humans and AI agents coordinate on complex projects, a fundamentally different challenge than simply making one person faster.

As AI agents handle technical execution, the most valuable human skill becomes ideation. Replit CEO Amjad Massad predicts this will dissolve rigid corporate hierarchies in favor of adaptable teams of generalists who collaborate with autonomous AI tools to bring ideas to life.

Using large language models, companies can create 'digital twins' of team members based on their work patterns. This allows managers to run 'what-if' scenarios—testing different team compositions or workflows in a simulation to predict outcomes and flag potential issues before making real-world changes.

Run HR, finance, and legal using AI agents that operate based on codified rules. This creates an autonomous back office where human intervention is only required for exceptions, not routine patterns. The mantra is: "patterns deserve code, exceptions deserve people."

Top-performing engineering teams are evolving from hands-on coding to a managerial role. Their primary job is to define tasks, kick off multiple AI agents in parallel, review plans, and approve the final output, rather than implementing the details themselves.

AI tools reduce the communication overhead and lengthy handoffs that traditionally separated product and engineering. By streamlining the path from idea to code, AI makes the combined Chief Product and Technology Officer (CPTO) role more viable, enabling a single leader to manage both functions effectively.

Instead of static org charts, AI can monitor team performance and sentiment to propose small, ongoing adjustments—like rotating a member for fresh eyes or changing meeting formats. This turns organizational design into a dynamic, data-driven process of continuous improvement, overcoming human inertia.

Instead of traditional IT roles focused on software, an AI Ops person focuses on identifying and automating workflows. They work with teams to eliminate busy work and return hundreds of hours, shifting employees from performing tasks to directing AI.