After two major clinical trial failures caused Fibrogen's market cap to fall from $5.5B to under $200M, the CEO executed a radical survival plan. He reduced headcount from 325 to about 50 and negotiated out of a crippling $90M lease to secure the company's future.
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CEO Ryan Cohen revealed that GameStop went from over 1,400 corporate employees to just 400, yet became more productive. He argues large corporate teams create bloat, perverse incentives, and delegation of work. The radical downsizing improved focus and business results.
Ather faced three successive valuation cuts (40%, 50%, 65%) that would kill most startups. They retained their team by being radically transparent about finances, asking for voluntary pay cuts, and building trust by later rewarding those sacrifices with bonuses and equity at the lower valuations.
When faced with total collapse, Harvey Firestone didn't just cut prices. He used the crisis as a filter to identify employees who thrived under pressure and ruthlessly simplified the company, cutting the sales force by 75% and the ad department from 105 to 7.
When facing a crisis, Fibrogen's CEO decided to shut down discovery research programs. The value inflection opportunity was too far in the future, and capital was better spent on assets with the potential to create more near-term value, ensuring the company's survival.
A common failure mode for well-funded biotechs is growing headcount too rapidly. Immunocore's CEO advises new leaders to pace themselves, emphasizing that drug development is a marathon. Prematurely scaling creates fixed expenses that can drain capital before key scientific milestones are hit.
Actuate Therapeutics maintains high capital efficiency by keeping its full-time headcount low. The company is built around a trusted core team and supplemented by an extensive stable of "best of breed" consultants who are engaged on an as-needed basis, minimizing overhead costs.
Facing a revenue crisis in the 2008 crash, Tim Guinness made his team redundant but immediately offered to re-hire them at half their salary. This transparent but painful move retained key talent, with nine of ten affected staff accepting. Pay was restored within 15 months.
The speaker's experience at a previous biotech highlights the extreme personal risk in the industry. After receiving a Complete Response Letter from the FDA, the entire commercial team that had been built in anticipation of a launch had to be let go, including the Chief Commercial Officer.
While success is celebrated publicly, some of the best leadership happens privately when a CEO makes the tough, candid call to shut down a program or company due to unfavorable data. This "truth-seeking" decision, often against their personal interest, is a hallmark of excellence.
When SpeedSize had less than two months of runway, the co-founders immediately stopped their own salaries. This created a personal sense of urgency, forcing them to solve the cash problem before it impacted the entire team, whose salaries were still months from being at risk.
