Unlike Private Equity or public markets, venture is maximally forgiving of high entry valuations. The potential for exponential growth (high variance) means a breakout success can still generate massive returns, even if the initial price was wrong, explaining the industry's tolerance for seemingly irrational valuations.

In a major cultural shift, over 40% of students at Japan's top University of Tokyo now want to work at or found a startup. This reverses a decades-long tradition of seeking security at established firms, signaling a massive talent pipeline shift towards the venture ecosystem.

Seed-focused funds have a powerful, non-obvious advantage over multi-stage giants: incentive alignment. A seed fund's goal is to maximize the next round's valuation for the founder. A multi-stage firm, hoping to lead the next round themselves, is implicitly motivated to keep that valuation lower, creating a conflict of interest.

The most lucrative exit for a startup is often not an IPO, but an M&A deal within an oligopolistic industry. When 3-4 major players exist, they can be forced into an irrational bidding war driven by the fear of a competitor acquiring the asset, leading to outcomes that are even better than going public.

The funding gap isn't just about discrimination. Women, on average, are more risk-averse and often build passion-led businesses that don't fit the hyper-growth VC model. They favor bootstrapping and debt, leading to higher survival rates but fewer billion-dollar 'unicorns,' reframing the definition of entrepreneurial success.

Data shows companies with the highest seed valuations graduate to Series A only slightly more often than those in the 2nd and 3rd quartiles. The real danger lies at the bottom: companies with the lowest-quartile valuations are only half as likely to raise a Series A, suggesting raising too little capital is a critical failure point.

Contrary to the popular VC idea that IPO pops are 'free money' left on the table, they actually serve as a crucial risk premium for public market investors. Down-rounds like Navan's prove that buyers need the upside from successful IPOs to compensate for the very real risk of losing money on others.

Vanguard and Berkshire Hathaway data shows men underperform women in long-term returns despite taking more risks. Men trade more frequently, incurring fees and making emotional timing mistakes ("tinkering"). Women's cautious, less active approach allows compounding to work more effectively.

The venture capital paradigm has inverted. Historically, private companies traded at an "illiquidity discount" to their public counterparts. Now, for elite companies, there is an "access premium" where investors pay more for private shares due to scarcity and hype. This makes staying private longer more attractive.