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Citi's CEO admits her risk appetite was once awful. She argues courage can be learned through practice: trusting yourself, taking unorthodox career steps, and building emotional resiliency to accept that you will sometimes fail and have to pick yourself back up.

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Brené Brown's research shows courage can be learned, measured, and observed rather than being an innate quality. It comprises four skills, starting with clarifying and operationalizing your values. This makes leadership development more tangible and less about inherent personality traits.

You cannot teach courage by telling people to be brave. Instead, you facilitate action, however small, and then guide reflection on that experience. These "mastery experiences" prove to individuals they can function while afraid, which fundamentally reshapes their identity and builds resilience.

Every act of courage—from leadership decisions to personal relationships—involves uncertainty, risk, and emotional exposure. The desire to be brave without being vulnerable is a fundamental, unwinnable conflict.

Confidence isn't innate; it's earned through action. By embracing roles without feeling fully prepared, leaders build resilience and expand their capabilities. This principle—that courage comes before confidence—is central to both Coach's internal culture and its external brand purpose, "Courage to be Real."

Courage isn't an innate trait but a skill that can be trained like a muscle. It requires being afraid. You build it by systematically and sequentially exposing yourself to uncomfortable actions, proving to your subconscious that you can handle them.

Courage isn't the absence of fear but the decision to act despite it. This reframes bravery from a fixed personality characteristic to a skill that can be developed by choosing to lean into fear and not let it dictate actions.

To handle major risks like starting a business, you must train your resilience. Practice by making small, low-stakes requests that feel uncomfortable, such as asking for a complimentary hotel upgrade. This builds the psychological muscle to prove you can survive a "no," preparing you for bigger challenges.

Do not wait to feel confident before you start a new venture. Confidence isn't something you find; it's something you build through the repetitive act of showing up and doing the work, even when you're terrified. It is a result of consistent courage, not a cause of it.

People mistakenly wait for confidence before taking action. In reality, confidence is an outcome, not a prerequisite. The necessary first step is courage—the willingness to act despite fear and uncertainty. Confidence is only earned through that courageous action.

Waiting to feel 'ready' or confident before starting something new is a trap. Fear is an invitation to move forward, not a stop sign. Courage is taking action despite the fear. The confidence you seek is earned *after* you've taken the leap and learned from the experience.