Most corporate values statements (e.g., "integrity") are unactionable and don't change internal culture. Effective leaders codify specific, observable behaviors—the "how" of working together. This makes unspoken expectations explicit and creates a clear standard for accountability that a vague value never could.

Identifying a company's stated values is insufficient. WCM's research evolved to analyze the social mechanisms that reinforce desired behaviors, turning values into a "cult." They found that many companies espouse the same behaviors, but only the best have the rituals and systems to make them stick.

Culture isn't about values on a wall; it's about daily habits enforced by memorable rules. Ben Horowitz argues that rules need "shock value," like A16z's policy of fining partners $10 per minute for being late to a founder meeting. This makes the underlying principle—respect—unforgettable and non-negotiable.

Instead of aiming for vague outcomes like "empowerment," start by defining the specific, observable behaviors you want to see. For example, what does "being data-driven" actually look like day-to-day? This focus allows you to diagnose and remove concrete barriers related to competency, accessibility, or social reinforcement.

Your culture isn't what's on the walls; it's defined by the worst behavior you allow. Firing a high-performing but toxic employee sends a more powerful message about your values than any mission statement. Upholding standards for everyone, especially top talent, is non-negotiable for a strong culture.

A company’s true values aren't in its mission statement, but in its operational systems. Good intentions are meaningless without supporting structures. What an organization truly values is revealed by its compensation systems, promotion decisions, and which behaviors are publicly celebrated and honored.

A company's culture isn't its mission statement; it's the worst behavior it's willing to accept. High-integrity employees will leave a toxic environment, while transactional, self-serving employees who tolerate anything for a paycheck will stay. This selection process causes a continuous erosion of culture.

Instead of vague values, define culture as a concrete set of "if-then" statements that govern reinforcement (e.g., "IF you are on time, THEN you are respected"). This turns an abstract concept into an operational system that can be explicitly taught, managed, and improved across the organization.

Culture isn't about values listed on a wall; it's the sum of daily, observable behaviors. To build a strong culture, leaders must define and enforce specific actions that embody the desired virtues, especially under stress. Abstract ideals are useless without concrete, enforced behaviors.