Beyond simple productivity gains, AI will eliminate the need for entire service-based transactions, such as paying for basic legal documents or second medical opinions. This substitution of paid services with free AI output can act as a direct deflationary headwind, a counterintuitive effect to the typical AI-fueled growth narrative.

AI tools will drive higher refinancing volumes, increasing the total market size for mortgage originators. However, by making it effortless for consumers to compare offers, AI will also intensify competition. This price transparency will pressure the "gain on sale" margins lenders earn on each loan, pitting the benefit of higher volume against lower per-unit profitability.

Businesses with moats based on network effects or consumer friction are vulnerable to "agentic commerce." AI agents, tasked with finding the absolute best price without experiencing the tedium of comparison shopping, will bypass brand loyalty and platform stickiness. This threatens any business model that relies on being the default or convenient choice.

If AI makes intelligence cheap and universally available, its economic value may collapse. This theory suggests that selling raw AI models could become a low-margin, utility-like business. Profitability will depend on building moats through specialized applications or regulatory capture, not on selling base intelligence.

Much like 'big data' evolved from a competitive advantage into a widely available commodity, AI models will likely follow the same path. So many sources will offer powerful models that they will cease to be a unique differentiator or a durable moat for businesses.

Unlike cable or power companies that benefit from regional monopolies, AI intelligence is a globally competitive, frictionless market. This dynamic is 'so much worse' for business because it allows for perfect arbitrage, driving the price of intelligence toward zero and making it incredibly difficult to build a sustainable, high-margin business on the infrastructure layer.

Marks questions whether companies will use AI-driven cost savings to boost profit margins or if competition will force them into price wars. If the latter occurs, the primary beneficiaries of AI's efficiency will be customers, not shareholders, limiting the technology's impact on corporate profitability.

AI accelerates capitalism's natural tendency to compress margins to zero. By automating tasks and replicating solutions cheaply, AI makes it difficult to sustain profits, benefiting only those who own scarce, non-digitizable assets like data, trust, or real estate.

AI will create a "consumer surplus" where productivity gains don't translate to higher margins. A task that took a week now takes a day, but instead of cutting costs, firms will simply do five times more analysis to stay competitive, passing the benefit to clients.