When Figma started, VCs deemed the designer market too small. While this made fundraising harder, it also meant fewer competitors rushed in. This perceived niche gave Figma the time and space to build a complex, defensible product before the market's true potential became obvious to everyone.
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Large companies often focus R&D on high-ticket items, neglecting smaller accessory categories. This creates a market gap for focused startups to innovate and solve specific problems that bigger players overlook, allowing them to build a defensible niche.
Applying Peter Thiel's "Zero to One" philosophy, Anduril intentionally avoided crowded marketplaces when it launched in 2017. By focusing on a defense sector completely devoid of venture-backed startups, they secured an incredible head start and built a defensible business before competitors emerged.
Initial data suggested the market for design tools was too small to build a large business. Figma's founders bet on the trend that design was becoming a key business differentiator, which would force the market to expand. They focused on building for the trend, not the existing TAM.
Flock Safety was dismissed by VCs because its initial market of neighborhood associations seemed too small. This perception of a small TAM acted as a moat, deterring competition and allowing them to build a foundation to later expand into much larger government contracts.
Instead of a broad launch, Everflow targeted only mobile affiliate networks—a small market they knew deeply from their previous company. This allowed them to build very specific, high-value features for that ICP, win deals, and establish a strong beachhead before expanding into larger, adjacent markets.
Figma's market initially seemed too small to attract major VC interest or intense competition, giving them space to build a defensible product. Founders can gain a significant advantage by working in overlooked spaces, provided they have genuine passion to sustain them for a decade or more.
Live-shopping platform Whatnot was rejected by nearly all early investors because it started as a marketplace for a niche collectible, Funko Pops. The only VCs who invested were those who knew the founders personally and trusted their ability to expand beyond the initial niche, proving founder conviction can be more crucial than the initial market.
VCs in 2008 rejected Shopify because the existing market of 40,000 online stores was too small. They failed to see that Shopify wasn't just serving a market; its friction-reducing product would create a much larger one.
Well-funded startups are pressured by investors to target large markets. This strategic constraint allows bootstrapped founders to outmaneuver them by focusing on and dominating a specific niche that is too small for the venture-backed competitor to justify.
Many founders fail not from a lack of market opportunity, but from trying to serve too many customer types with too many offerings. This creates overwhelming complexity in marketing, sales, and product. Picking a narrow niche simplifies operations and creates a clearer path to traction and profitability.
