Successful individuals receive endless mentorship requests. Instead of helping everyone or no one, they should focus their limited time on 'multipliers'—people whose position or potential allows them to influence and develop many others. This strategy scales a leader's wisdom and impact.

Structure sales competitions with teams of two, pairing a top performer with a mid or low performer. The desire to win the team prize incentivizes the high performer to actively coach and support their partner, creating a valuable mentorship dynamic without a formal program.

Prescribing solutions atrophies your team's thinking. It's far more effective to teach them a process for analyzing data and designing solutions themselves. This empowers them to find better answers than you could alone.

To help your team overcome their own performance blockers, shift your coaching from their actions to their thinking. Ask questions like, "What were you thinking that led you to that approach?" This helps them uncover the root belief driving their behavior, enabling more profound and lasting change than simple behavioral correction.

In a supportive culture, managing underperformance starts with co-authored goals upstream. When results falter, the conversation should be a diagnostic inquiry focused on removing roadblocks. This shifts the focus from the person's failure to the problem that's hindering their success, making tough conversations productive.

When an employee presents a problem they should be able to solve, resist providing a solution. Instead, return ownership by asking, "What do you think you should do about that?" This simple question forces critical thinking and breaks the team's dependency on you for answers.

Research on eldest siblings reveals a "coaching effect": the act of teaching a skill to someone else reinforces your own understanding and builds confidence. High-performing teams, like those in the CIA, foster environments where members constantly coach each other.

According to the "Feedback Fallacy" research, focusing on weaknesses creates a stress response and yields flat results. In contrast, identifying what someone does well and encouraging more of it leads to a 17% performance improvement. It is more effective to analyze and replicate successes than to fix failures.

Instead of telling an underperforming employee they can be better, ask what they believe their biggest possible accomplishment could be. This coaching approach helps individuals discover and own their potential, rather than having it dictated to them, leading to greater breakthroughs.