Instead of a traditional product roadmap, give engineers ownership of a broad "problem space." This high-agency model pushes them to get "forward deployed" with customers, uncover real needs, and build solutions directly. This ensures product development is tied to actual pain points and fosters a strong sense of ownership.

The V0 team operates with minimal product management oversight, empowering product-minded engineers (often ex-founders) to make 95% of product decisions directly. This sacrifices potentially "perfect" choices for a dramatic increase in development velocity.

Sundial founder Julie Zhu intentionally avoids hiring product managers. This constraint forces engineers to take full ownership of the product definition and user value, preventing them from delegating critical product thinking and developing a stronger sense of customer empathy.

The PM role is intentionally undefined, meant to adapt to a team's needs—from strategy to quality control. However, these functions can often be filled by a strong engineering lead or designer, making dedicated PMs non-essential, and potentially harmful, on smaller teams.

To manage the strain on product managers from hyper-productive engineering teams, Anthropic has a rule: if a project is two engineering weeks or less, the engineer is the PM. They are responsible for stakeholder management (security, legal, etc.), with the official PM acting only as an advisor.

Evan Spiegel intentionally resisted hiring Product Managers in the early days to avoid a culture where designers merely create visuals from specs. By making designers do the PM work themselves, he ensured they owned product direction and strategy, establishing a strong, designer-led culture from the start.

The traditional PM function, which builds sequential, multi-month roadmaps based on customer feedback, is ill-suited for AI. With core capabilities evolving weekly, AI companies must embed research teams directly with customer-facing teams to stay agile, rendering the classic PM role ineffective.

Instead of hiring more PMs to manage faster engineering cycles, Anthropic focuses on hiring engineers with strong product taste who can ship end-to-end. This reduces overhead and blurs traditional roles, as most PMs and designers also have engineering backgrounds.

ElevenLabs eliminates the traditional Product Manager role. They hire "product engineers" who own the entire development loop from ideation to shipping and analysis. Growth leads (often ex-PMs) then partner with engineering leads on GTM and acquisition, creating a faster, more accountable structure.