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A key paradox of the 1970s was that union leaders, while aware that the wage free-for-all was pushing the economy towards an abyss, were trapped. They had to competitively demand ever-larger pay deals for their members to maintain their own positions, even against their better judgment.

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The government gave unions unprecedented power in exchange for wage restraint. However, the policy failed because union leaders, under pressure from members and competing with each other for better deals, couldn't uphold their end, fueling hyperinflation.

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