Once Chinese intervention in the Korean War created a stalemate, Stalin saw the conflict as a perfect opportunity. He believed it would drain American resources and delay China's rise, all while keeping Russia out of direct conflict—a low-risk, high-reward strategy of "fighting to the last Chinese."

When the Romans besieged Syracuse, they were thwarted not by a larger army, but by the futuristic war machines of Archimedes. His catapults, giant claws, and missile launchers created a technological moat that neutralized overwhelming conventional force, showing that superior innovation can be a decisive strategic advantage.

Rome's political and cultural identity was built on an implacable resolve to never accept defeat or disrespect. This dogged determination, which led them to build a navy from scratch and reject peace talks after catastrophic losses, was their ultimate strategic advantage over more conventional powers.

After Cannae, Rome desperately needed manpower, yet the Senate refused Hannibal's offer to ransom its captured soldiers. This seemingly counterintuitive decision was a powerful psychological statement to Hannibal, their allies, and their own people: there would be no negotiation, only total war, regardless of the human cost.

After losing Sicily, the Carthaginian general Hamilcar Barca and his son Hannibal didn't try to reclaim it directly. Instead, they built a new, resource-rich empire in Spain. Its vast mineral wealth funded a mercenary army, turning Spain into a formidable base from which to launch a revenge war against Rome.

Openness is a tool for dominance, not just a moral virtue. The Romans became powerful by being strategically tolerant, quickly abandoning their own methods when they found better ones elsewhere. This allowed them to constantly upgrade their military, technology, and knowledge from conquered peoples.

In any complex organization, leaders face constant battles. A key strategy from the Secretary of Energy is to consciously let go of minor fights to conserve political capital and focus for the crucial ones. Getting fired up about every little thing leads to burnout and distracts from the ultimate mission.

After his decisive victory at Cannae, Hannibal expected Rome to negotiate terms, as was the norm in ancient warfare. He fatally underestimated their unique, implacable resolve to never capitulate, causing him to miss his window of opportunity to march on the city and enforce a peace.

Following the catastrophic loss at Cannae, Rome was gripped by panic. Fabius Maximus, though not in an official command role, calmed the city by displaying extreme sangfroid, forbidding public mourning, and securing the gates. His actions show how a single leader's composure can stabilize a national crisis.