Throughout their violent conquest and feuds, the Spanish were remarkably legalistic. They constantly sought royal charters, had judges pronounce verdicts, handed down indictments, and appealed for pardons. This obsession with legal process coexisted bizarrely with their extralegal violence and betrayal, used to legitimize their actions.

The Dutch rebellion was near defeat until its naval force, the "Sea Beggars," were expelled from English ports in 1572. Adrift, they chanced upon the key port of Brill, found it undefended because the garrison was fishing, and captured it. This single contingent event reignited the entire revolt.

When the Spanish crown passed laws to protect indigenous people, colonial settlers led by Gonzalo Pizarro rebelled. They protested loyalty to the king but demanded the freedom to exploit the land they conquered, mirroring the American colonists' rebellion against a distant government infringing on their local 'rights.'

To provide legal cover for killing Atahualpa, Pizarro held a rudimentary trial. The emperor was charged with a mix of political and religious crimes like regicide and incest, demonstrating the Spaniards' deep-seated need to frame their actions within a legalistic framework for their king.

The Spanish used a legal document called the "Requerimiento" to legitimize conquest. Before attacking, they read a history of the world and demanded submission to the Pope and Spanish King. Refusal provided a legal pretext for slaughter, a practice some Spaniards at the time considered absurd.

In warfare, claiming a deceased or incapacitated individual is the new leader can be a brilliant strategic move. It stymies the enemy, who has no one to target, while allowing a hidden group to issue directives under the guise of the dead leader's authority.

An ideologue, even an anarchist advocating against the state, may support a massive state action if it serves a higher strategic purpose—in this case, disrupting a system they oppose. The perceived hypocrisy is dismissed as irrelevant when compared to the desired outcome, framing it as a solution, not a preferred method of governance.

The Spanish conquest of the Incas succeeded largely because they inserted themselves into an existing civil war. By siding with the southern Inca faction against the northern one, they gained crucial local allies, transforming the conflict from a foreign invasion into a complex, multi-sided war they could manipulate.

The Dutch national anthem features its hero, William of Orange, pledging loyalty to the very Spanish king he fought. This reflects the early modern difficulty of conceiving rebellion against a divinely anointed monarch, forcing rebels into complex ideological justifications.