Instead of a large upfront equity investment, strategic partners can use warrants. This gives the corporation the option to earn equity later if the startup achieves specific milestones, often through their joint partnership. This approach de-risks the initial investment and directly rewards successful collaboration.

Unlike standard corporate M&A, an innovation incubator's acquisition criteria are different. Cisco's Outshift ignores a startup's revenue and business metrics, focusing solely on the technology, talent, and cultural fit to accelerate its own strategic objectives.

Oshkosh structures partnerships to own IP developed jointly with a startup, then licenses it back. This approach, outlined in the initial NDA, gives the large corporation control over patent defense while providing the startup with usage rights, often with market-specific limitations.

Combining strategy, M&A, and integration under a single leader provides a full lifecycle, enterprise-wide view. This structure breaks down silos and creates a "closed-loop system" where post-deal integration performance and lessons learned directly feed back into future strategy and deal theses, refining success metrics beyond financials.

To encourage adoption of tech benefiting multiple business units, Oshkosh's CVC arm uses a central budget to fund initial proofs of concept. This removes the "who pays?" friction, as no single department has to bear the initial cost for a company-wide benefit, with the successful unit paying later.

Oshkosh's CVC team is a hybrid, not siloed in one department. It includes members from corporate development, a venture lead in a tech hub (Bay Area), and a counterpart in an engineering business unit. This structure ensures that strategic goals, technological feasibility, and market deal flow are constantly aligned.

Oshkosh avoids demanding a Right of First Refusal, which can scare off potential acquirers. Instead, they secure information rights and board observer seats. This ensures they are notified of any acquisition talks, allowing them to enter a competitive process without limiting the startup's exit opportunities.

Temasek's partnership philosophy is not about risk diversification. Instead, it prioritizes collaborating with partners who can augment its internal capabilities and provide specific skill sets it lacks for a given opportunity. This makes partnership a strategic tool for capability building, not just capital sharing.

An internal incubator’s biggest mistake is acting like an external startup. Finding product-market fit is insufficient. Lasting success requires achieving "product-company fit" by deeply understanding and aligning with the parent company's internal business units, strategic goals, and unique challenges.