Despite strong GDP and corporate profits, productivity gains are eliminating lower-skilled jobs. BlackRock's Rick Reeder warns this is creating a social problem where aggregate consumption looks healthy, but a segment of the population is being left behind, a dynamic he calls a "travesty."
Related Insights
Wage stagnation is not accidental but a result of two concurrent policies. By sending manufacturing jobs overseas and simultaneously bringing in low-wage labor, corporations create a market where domestic workers lose nearly all leverage to demand higher pay for remaining jobs.
Just as NAFTA brought cheap goods but eliminated manufacturing jobs, AI will create immense productivity via a new class of "digital immigrants" (AIs in data centers). This will generate abundance and cheap digital services but risks displacing vast swaths of cognitive labor and concentrating wealth.
The US economy is not broadly strong; its perceived strength is almost entirely driven by a massive, concentrated bet on AI. This singular focus props up markets and growth metrics, but it conceals widespread weakness in other sectors, creating a high-stakes, fragile economic situation.
Despite the best earnings season in four years for companies like Apple and Amazon, consumer brands like Chipotle, Shake Shack, and Crocs report slowing sales from 20-somethings. This demographic faces soaring unemployment and slowing wage growth, creating a hidden weak spot in an otherwise strong economy.
Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell stated that after accounting for statistical anomalies, "job creation is pretty close to zero." He directly attributes this to CEOs confirming that AI allows them to operate with fewer people, marking a major official acknowledgment of AI's deflationary effect on the labor market.
The U.S. economy can no longer be analyzed as a single entity. It has split into two distinct economies: one for the thriving top tier (e.g., AI and tech) and another for the struggling bottom 60%. The entire system now depends on spending from the rich; if they stop, the economy collapses.
The enormous market caps of leading AI companies can only be justified by finding trillions of dollars in efficiencies. This translates directly into a required labor destruction of roughly 10 million jobs, or 12.5% of the vulnerable workforce, suggesting market turmoil or mass unemployment is inevitable.
Frame AI not as a tool, but as a wave of "digital immigrants" with superhuman cognitive abilities. Similar to how the NAFTA trade agreement outsourced manufacturing, AI will outsource knowledge work. This will create abundance for some but risks hollowing out the middle class and social fabric.
The top 10% of US earners now drive nearly half of all consumer spending. This concentration suggests the macro-economy and stock market can remain strong even if AI causes significant unemployment for the other 90%, challenging the assumption that widespread job loss would automatically trigger an economic collapse.
Most AI applications are designed to make white-collar work more productive or redundant (e.g., data collation). However, the most pressing labor shortages in advanced economies like the U.S. are in blue-collar fields like welding and electrical work, where current AI has little impact and is not being focused.
