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Private equity firms will sell a high-performing asset not just for a good return, but to generate DPI (Distributions to Paid-In Capital). This provides LPs with tangible cash returns, validates the firm's paper valuations ('marks'), and builds crucial momentum for raising their next fund.
The market's liquidity crisis is driven by a fundamental disagreement. Limited Partners (LPs) suspect that long-held assets are overvalued, while General Partners (GPs) refuse to sell at a discount, fearing it will damage their track record (IRR/MOIC) and future fundraising ability. This creates a deadlock.
The old VC mindset of "let your winners run" and waiting for an IPO is gone. Today's GPs must act as fiduciaries by creating liquidity plans, proactively orchestrating secondary sales, and navigating complex buyout deals with partial rollovers to generate returns for LPs.
Despite the focus on markups and paper gains, top VCs believe the ultimate measure of a fund's success is returning cash to investors (DPI). This focus on liquidity is so critical that even a young fund should signal its commitment by distributing cash from early, minor exits.
Emerging VC funds can sell small portions of their winning investments without creating the negative market signals a large fund like Sequoia would. This allows them to return capital (DPI) to LPs sooner, a crucial factor in securing their next fund in a DPI-focused environment.
First-time fund managers may feel pressure to sell shares in breakout companies early to prove they can return capital (DPI) to LPs. This is often a mistake driven by insecurity. While most LPs will praise the liquidity, the most sophisticated ones will recognize it as prematurely de-risking a massive winner.
General Partners (GPs) have shifted from viewing secondary sales as an LP-driven nuisance to a strategic tool. They now facilitate liquidity for investors to maintain their reputation and use continuation vehicles to retain top-performing assets beyond a fund's original lifespan.
GPs are holding assets longer not just due to market conditions, but out of fear for their own business. They believe extending the hold period will allow underlying business growth to eventually hit their crucial Multiple on Invested Capital (MOIC) targets, which is critical for successfully raising their next fund.
In frothy markets with multi-billion dollar valuations, a key learned behavior from 2021 is for VCs to sell 10-20% of their stake during a large funding round. This provides early liquidity and distributions (DPI) to LPs, who are grateful for the cash back, and de-risks the fund's position.
LPs have a binary focus: cash-on-cash returns. As long as a VC fund is consistently distributing multiples back to them (high DPI), they are less likely to question the fund's strategy. This "what have you done for me lately" attitude is key to securing re-investment in future funds.
GPs are caught between two conflicting goals. They can hold assets longer, hoping valuations rise to meet their paper marks and maximize returns. Or, they can sell now at a potential discount to satisfy LPs' urgent need for liquidity, thereby securing goodwill for future fundraises. This tension defines the current market.