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Prices jumped 25-30% post-COVID and never fell, creating a permanent 'phase shift.' This allows companies to report higher nominal revenues without selling more goods, enabling them to reduce headcount. The result is record stock prices coexisting with abysmal job growth and 50-year lows in labor participation.

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Traditional analysis links real GDP growth to corporate profits. However, in an inflationary period, strong nominal growth can flow directly to revenues and boost profits even if real output contracts, especially if wage growth lags. This makes nominal figures a better indicator for equity markets.

A significant disconnect exists between strong GDP growth and stagnant job creation. This indicates economic expansion is being driven purely by productivity, likely from AI and capital spending, rather than a healthy, expanding labor force. This model may not be sustainable or broadly beneficial.

A major disconnect exists between Wall Street and Main Street. While jobs data points towards a potential recession, the S&P 500 is hitting record highs. Since recessions are historically preceded by market downturns, investors are signaling a strong disbelief in the negative labor market signals.

The recent inflation was not due to money printing, but a supply shock from lockdowns where prices surged far ahead of incomes. This created a permanent "phase shift," reducing purchasing power for the majority of people and preventing a true economic recovery as incomes never caught up.

The link between asset prices and spending, which weakened after 2008, has restrengthened to levels last seen in the 1990s tech bubble. Surging stock prices are directly fueling consumption, explaining why spending remains robust despite near-zero real income growth. This makes the economy highly vulnerable to a market correction.

The current economy mirrors a depression, which is characterized not by steep declines but by a persistent lack of upside and opportunity. The US is 8 million jobs short of its pre-pandemic trend, indicating a stagnant system where people feel left behind despite headline numbers like GDP appearing positive.

While official unemployment rates remain low, a wave of "invisible unemployment" is hitting tech. Companies are achieving growth with flat headcount by leveraging AI, leading to a quiet squeeze on entry-level roles, mid-level performers, and senior executives with outdated skills who are leaving the workforce without being replaced.

Despite strong GDP and corporate profits, productivity gains are eliminating lower-skilled jobs. BlackRock's Rick Reeder warns this is creating a social problem where aggregate consumption looks healthy, but a segment of the population is being left behind, a dynamic he calls a "travesty."

The US is seeing solid GDP growth without a corresponding tightening in the labor market. This isn't due to economic weakness, but a significant rise in productivity (from 1.5% to over 2%) which allows the economy to expand faster without needing more workers, driving a wedge between GDP and job growth.

The puzzle of persistently high stock market valuations can be illuminated by macroeconomic factors. For instance, the long-term decline in labor's share of national output directly translates into higher corporate profits and, consequently, higher valuations for firms, bridging the gap between macro and finance.