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Despite a massive positive shock from semiconductor exports, South Korea's currency (the won) has weakened. This is partly because retail investors are taking their profits and buying US tech stocks instead of reinvesting domestically, creating capital outflows that offset the strong current account surplus.
The decline in the U.S. net foreign asset position is often attributed solely to trade deficits. However, a major driver was the appreciation of foreign investments in the U.S. equity market, which outperformed global markets and thus increased the value of U.S. liabilities to the world.
The narrative of a coordinated "Plaza 2.0" style agreement to weaken the US dollar is likely flawed. The US chose to secure investment commitments from countries like Japan and Korea in recent trade deals, rather than pushing for currency appreciation, indicating its true policy priority.
North Asian economies, despite current account surpluses, exhibit balance-of-payments dynamics typical of deficit countries. This is caused by exporters holding dollars, domestic capital outflows, and foreigners hedging equity investments. This structural imbalance acts as a powerful headwind for regional currencies, overriding positive trade data.
A weakening dollar reduces the credit risk for dollar-borrowers, which encourages more dollar-denominated lending. This credit is the lifeblood of intricate global supply chains. As a result, exports of sophisticated goods, like semiconductors, can thrive even during periods of dollar weakness.
Despite strong export-led growth in Asia, the benefits did not trickle down to households. Weak household income and consumption prompted governments and central banks to implement fiscal support and monetary easing. This disconnect between headline GDP and domestic demand is a critical factor for understanding Asian economic policy.
The link between emerging market currencies (EMFX) and US tech stocks is not about the tech sector itself. Global equity markets have become a unified signal for the global economic cycle. A sell-off worries investors about global growth, impacting risk-on EM currencies regardless of their direct tech exposure.
The Israeli Shekel has reached historically expensive levels compared to its Asian tech-geared peers like the Taiwanese Dollar and Korean Won, diverging from historically stable relationships. This, combined with palpable central bank and exporter concern over its strength, makes the Shekel a prime candidate for a valuation-driven reversal against its Asian counterparts.
Contrary to conventional wisdom, a more dovish stance from an Emerging Market (EM) central bank might not cause sustained currency weakness. In a risk-on environment, lower policy rates can attract significant capital inflows into bonds. This demand for local assets can overwhelm the initial negative rate effect and ultimately strengthen the currency.
International buyers want exposure to high-performing US companies like NVIDIA but are simultaneously hedging against a declining US dollar. They are separating the appeal of American corporate exceptionalism from growing concerns about US sovereign risk and currency depreciation.
Recessionary risks are higher in Canada and Europe than in the U.S. This weakness doesn't drag the U.S. down; instead, it triggers capital flight into U.S. assets for safety. This flow strengthens the dollar and reinforces the American economy, creating a cycle where U.S. strength feeds on others' fragility.