Contrary to the popular belief that power corrupts, research suggests it acts as an amplifier. If a person is already "pro-social"—oriented towards helping others—power can increase their empathy and effectiveness. If they are selfish, power will magnify those negative traits.

An empire is built for personal gain, name recognition, or familial wealth and will eventually crumble. A legacy is built on values and beliefs that benefit everyone and spread long after the founder is gone. A leader must consciously choose one path, as they are mutually exclusive.

An argument for foreign aid, even used by some Republicans, is that it makes a nation "stronger." This isn't about economic or military strength but moral strength—acting generously and living by the "golden rule" reflects the character of its people through its government.

The lack of basic manners and civil discourse among public servants sets a powerful negative example for society. This leadership failure normalizes poor behavior, contributing to a decline in everyday courtesy and respect among citizens, such as not offering a seat to the elderly.

When eulogized, a person's career accomplishments are footnotes. The core of their legacy is their character—how they behaved and treated others—and their service. This reality should inform how we prioritize our daily actions, focusing on behavior over status or material success.

To maintain a high standard of governance, Dubai's ruler employs a network of "secret shoppers." These individuals blend into the public and provide direct, unfiltered reports on everything from government inefficiency and corruption to identifying promising talent, creating a powerful real-time feedback mechanism.

Allowing a high-performing but toxic employee to thrive sends a clear message: results matter more than people. A leader's true impact and the company's real culture are defined not by stated principles, but by the worst behavior they are willing to accept.

Culture isn't about values listed on a wall; it's the sum of daily, observable behaviors. To build a strong culture, leaders must define and enforce specific actions that embody the desired virtues, especially under stress. Abstract ideals are useless without concrete, enforced behaviors.

Leaders who immediately frame issues through a lens of core values, such as constitutionality, build more trust than those who calculate a politically palatable position. The public can detect inauthenticity, making a principles-first approach more effective long-term, even if it seems risky in the short term. Leaders should bring people along to their principled position.