Our psychological experiences, including positive and negative emotions, are not separate from our physical selves. They are direct results of biological processes in our brain's limbic system, which evolved as an alert system.
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It's a misconception that we inherently have more negative than positive thoughts. Negative thoughts simply command more of our attention because they are perceived by our brains as threats to survival. Your mind is wired to focus on and resolve these disruptive signals, making them feel more powerful and prevalent.
The ego, or our sense of being an individual "I," is not just a psychological construct. Neuroscientist Dr. Jill Bolte-Taylor explains it is a function performed by a specific group of cells in the left hemisphere. Her stroke temporarily shut these cells down, causing her sense of self to dissolve.
A thought triggers an emotional and physiological response that naturally lasts less than 90 seconds. To feel an emotion like anger for longer, you are actively re-thinking the thoughts that re-stimulate the emotional circuit. This reframes sustained moods as a series of choices rather than an uncontrollable state.
Emotions are not superfluous but are a critical, hardcoded value function shaped by evolution. The example of a patient losing emotional capacity and becoming unable to make decisions highlights this. This suggests our 'gut feelings' are a robust system for guiding actions, a mechanism current AI lacks.
Contrary to popular belief, happiness and unhappiness are not two ends of a single spectrum. They are produced in different parts of the brain for different reasons, meaning a person can simultaneously experience high levels of both.
Contrary to the dominant medical model, mental health issues like depression and anxiety are not illnesses. They are normal, helpful responses that act as messengers, signaling an underlying problem or unresolved trauma that needs to be addressed rather than a chemical imbalance to be suppressed.
Our senses don't register static energy states. We feel acceleration, not constant speed, and heat transfer, not absolute temperature. This principle extends to emotions, which may be our brain's interpretation of internal energetic shifts, or 'energy in motion'.
The physiological state of nervousness—heightened alertness and agitation from adrenaline—is identical to that of excitement. Neuroscientist Andrew Huberman explains the emotional difference comes entirely from our cognitive framing, or the top-down label we apply to the physical sensations.
The right hemisphere of the brain doesn't define a separate "you." It experiences the world as a unified whole, integrating all sensory input into one big picture. This is the neurological basis for "flow states" or feelings of transcendence, where the boundary between self and the world dissolves.
We often assume our thoughts cause our feelings. However, the body frequently experiences a physical state first (e.g., anxiety from adrenaline), and the conscious mind then creates a plausible narrative to explain that feeling. This means the "reason" you feel anxious or unmotivated may be a story, not the root physical cause.
