Get your free personalized podcast brief

We scan new podcasts and send you the top 5 insights daily.

Dr. Katy Milkman categorizes obstacles to change as external (social, structural) and internal (psychological). While external barriers are real, focusing on internal ones like cognitive biases is more productive as they are within our personal control and can be directly addressed.

Related Insights

The biggest block to achieving your goals is often self-sabotage that you mislabel as logic. Phrases like 'I'm just being realistic' or 'I need to be practical' frequently mask deep-seated self-doubt and fear. Recognizing these thought patterns as sabotage, not wisdom, is the first step to overcoming them.

Leaders often mistake performance-limiting behaviors for inherent personality flaws. These "blockers" are actually learned beliefs—narratives we tell ourselves. This is crucial because beliefs, unlike traits, can be identified and reframed, unlocking new levels of effectiveness without changing who you are.

To help your team overcome their own performance blockers, shift your coaching from their actions to their thinking. Ask questions like, "What were you thinking that led you to that approach?" This helps them uncover the root belief driving their behavior, enabling more profound and lasting change than simple behavioral correction.

Merely correcting a problematic action, like micromanaging, offers only a short-lived fix. Sustainable improvement requires first identifying and addressing the underlying belief driving the behavior (e.g., "I can't afford any mistakes"). Without tackling the root cognitive cause, the negative behavior will inevitably resurface.

When we fail to change, we often resort to shame and self-criticism, believing we are lazy or lack willpower. This is counterproductive. Instead, view the failure as a skills problem. The correct conclusion isn't 'something is wrong with me,' but rather, 'I've been using the wrong strategy and am missing a few skills.'

People fail to change because they start with strategy (the 'how-to'). The correct order for a breakthrough is: change your emotional State, then rewrite your limiting Story (beliefs), and only then apply a Strategy. An empowered state and story make any strategy viable.

Saying "the market is crowded" or "there are no good salespeople" renders you powerless. By reframing these as "I lack the skill to get more leads" or "I lack the skill to hire well," you become the source of the solution and regain agency to change the outcome.

When leaders get stuck, their instinct is to work harder or learn new tactics. However, lasting growth comes from examining the underlying beliefs that drive their actions. This internal 'operating system' must be updated, because the beliefs that led to initial success often become the very blockers that prevent advancement to the next level.

We don't get distracted by notifications, but by our desire to escape internal feelings like boredom, fear, and uncertainty. Tackling procrastination means managing your internal state, not just your environment.

Popular advice to change small habits often fails because the underlying mindset isn't addressed first. You can force yourself to make daily sales calls, but without the right belief system, you're just 'rolling the dice' instead of operating with intention and achieving better results.