To drive transformation in a large organization, leaders must create a cultural movement rather than issuing top-down mandates. This involves creating a bold vision, empowering a community of 'changemakers,' and developing 'artifacts of change' like awards and new metrics to reinforce behaviors.

McLaren's CEO Zak Brown re-frames leadership as a service function. His primary job is to ensure his 1,400-person team has the tools, funding, and motivation to succeed. He sees himself as one employee whose responsibility is to "keep them all fed and hungry."

When an executive leaves, the CEO should step in to run their department directly. This provides invaluable operational context for hiring a replacement and empowers the CEO to make necessary but difficult changes (org structure, personnel) that a new hire would hesitate to implement.

To manage change, segment your team into three groups: enthusiasts who embrace it, skeptics who need convincing, and resistors who must be replaced. This allows for a targeted approach to cultural transformation instead of a one-size-fits-all strategy.

Focusing on "bad to great" is more effective than "good to great" when scaling. Bad behaviors and destructive norms are so corrosive that they make it impossible for excellence to take root. A leader's first job in a turnaround or scaling effort is to eliminate the bad—like dirty bathrooms or incompetent employees—before trying to implement the good.

Zak Brown's first move at the struggling McLaren F1 team was to overhaul the leadership team, bringing in fresh blood to create alignment before tackling technical or commercial issues. This established a new, winning culture from the top down.

The CMO transitioned from a hands-on "doer" to a strategic leader not gradually, but through a pivotal team reorganization. This structural change reassigned ownership and forced him to empower his directors, shifting his own focus from execution to shaping and inquiring.

Unlike a functional manager who can develop junior talent, a CEO lacks the domain expertise to coach their entire executive team (e.g., CFO, VP of HR). A CEO's time is better spent hiring world-class leaders who provide 'managerial leverage' by bringing new ideas and driving their function forward, rather than trying to fix people in roles they've never done.

CEO Zach Brown revived McLaren not by firing everyone, but by transforming a "toxic work environment" into one of transparency and collaboration. He kept many of the same long-term employees, showing that fixing culture can unlock the potential of an existing team, even in a high-stakes environment.