Customers, like founders, have a gap between their stated beliefs and actual behaviors. Instead of relying on discovery interviews, watch them work. Observing their actions reveals their true operating philosophy—what they genuinely value—which is a more reliable guide for product development than what they say.

Customers describe an idealized version of their world in interviews. To understand their true problems and workflows, you must be physically present. This uncovers the crucial gap between their perception and day-to-day reality.

While interviews yielded feature ideas, observing inspectors in the field ("ride-alongs") revealed the true bottleneck: hours spent writing reports at home. This insight allowed Spectora to ignore superficial requests and focus on the core workflow efficiency problem, which became their key marketing pillar.

Metrics like product utilization, ROI, or customer happiness (NPS) are often correlated with retention but don't cause it. Focusing on these proxies wastes energy. Instead, identify the one specific event (e.g., a team sending 2,000 Slack messages) that causally leads to non-churn.

While unscalable for sales, direct one-on-one interaction with early B2C customers is an invaluable learning tool. Founders like Howard Schultz of Starbucks used this approach to observe customer friction and discover what they were truly trying to accomplish, which is essential for refining the product.

To ensure long-term client retention for a high-ticket service, implement a mandatory three-call onboarding process in the first month (e.g., day 1, day 14, and day 31). This intensive, early engagement builds a strong relationship and solidifies value, preventing future churn.

Successful onboarding isn't measured by feature adoption or usage metrics. It's about helping the customer accomplish the specific project they bought your product for. The goal is to get them to the point where they've solved their problem and would feel it's 'weird to churn,' solidifying retention.

To truly understand a B2B customer's pain, interviews are not enough. The best founders immerse themselves completely by 'going native'—taking a temporary job at a target company to experience their problems firsthand. This uncovers authentic needs that surface-level research misses.

Instead of broad surveys, interview 10-12 satisfied customers who signed up in the last few months. Their fresh memory of the problem and evaluation phases provides the most accurate insights into why people truly buy your product, allowing you to find patterns and replicate success.