The standard 25 basis point increment for Fed rate changes isn't sacred but is a practical convention. It's large enough to be a clear signal above market noise and helps foster committee consensus on a consequential move. It also simplifies operational adjustments for the banking system.
Kevin Warsh argues the Fed has experienced "scope creep" by taking on quantitative easing, broad bank regulation, and social initiatives. He advocates for a return to a narrow mandate focused on price stability, using interest rates as the primary tool and exiting non-conventional mechanisms.
Recent census data reveals a significant shift in U.S. internal migration. High housing costs are pushing residents out of traditionally fast-growing states like California, while more affordable states, including some in the Midwest, are experiencing population growth for the first time in a decade.
The podcast highlights a contradiction in the argument that an AI productivity boom justifies rate cuts. Standard economic theory suggests that higher productivity increases the economy's potential, raising the equilibrium interest rate (R-star). To prevent overheating, the Fed should theoretically raise, not lower, its policy rate.
Unlike in 2021-2022, companies are now more reluctant to raise prices. Key factors include consumer resistance after high inflation, anchored inflation expectations, political scrutiny, and significant uncertainty over tariff policies, which makes firms fear losing market share if they act prematurely.
Fed nominee Kevin Warsh contends that the Federal Reserve's quantitative easing (QE) program indirectly encourages fiscal profligacy. By purchasing government bonds and keeping interest rates low, the Fed makes it easier for Congress to run large deficits, a practice Warsh believes the Fed should not accommodate.
A highly technical insight reveals Kevin Warsh favors returning to the pre-2008 monetary system of "scarce reserves." This would be a major operational change from the current "ample reserves" framework, requiring the Fed to actively manage daily liquidity and significantly shrink its balance sheet to exert policy discipline.
Kevin Warsh expresses skepticism about the Fed's reliance on real-time data, forecasts, and complex economic models, which he argues are often wrong and create a false sense of precision. This suggests a preference for a more principles-based monetary policy framework over a reactive, data-driven one.
Even if a politically motivated chair is appointed, the Federal Reserve's independence is largely preserved by the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) structure. The chair only has one vote and must build consensus among other governors and regional bank presidents, making radical, unilateral policy shifts nearly impossible.
After his term as chair ends, Jay Powell can remain a Fed governor until 2028. His decision to do so, breaking with tradition, would be a powerful statement. It would signal deep concern about Fed independence under new leadership and an attempt to provide a moderating institutional voice.
Despite his reputation as an inflation hawk, Fed Chair nominee Kevin Warsh is arguing for lower interest rates. He claims a coming AI-driven productivity boom will be disinflationary, allowing for looser monetary policy. This stance strategically aligns with President Trump's desire for rate cuts, making his nomination politically palatable.