A flat tariff on imports makes complex manufacturing with numerous cross-border steps prohibitively expensive. It becomes cheaper to move domestic production steps out of the tariff zone and import the finished good only once, leading to the deindustrialization of high-skilled jobs.
The successful crackdown on the relatively business-minded Sinaloa cartel created a power vacuum. This void was filled by the more brutal Jalisco New Generation Cartel, which uses extreme violence as its primary business model. This inadvertently worsened the security situation by replacing a predictable actor with a chaotic one.
Businesses can adapt to stable, even unfavorable, policies. However, constant, unpredictable policy changes create an environment of ambient chaos where long-term capital investment is impossible. The lack of continuity, not the specific tariffs, is the primary reason industrial construction spending has turned negative.
The advanced GPUs essential for AI require a fully globalized supply chain. As globalization breaks down, producing these chips may become impossible. Therefore, the current frenzied build-out of AI data centers, while a bubble, strategically installs critical infrastructure before the window of opportunity closes for good.
The U.S. focus on building domestic fabrication plants (fabs) is misguided because fabs represent a lower value-added, highly capital-intensive part of the semiconductor value chain. National security and economic strategy would be better served by focusing on downstream activities like testing and packaging, which are closer to the end consumer.