Mark Zuckerberg provided a concrete example of early AI self-improvement. A team at Facebook used a Llama 4 model to create an autonomous agent that began optimizing parts of the Facebook algorithm. The agent successfully checked in changes that were of a high enough quality that a human engineer would have been promoted for them.
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A fascinating meta-learning loop emerged where an LLM provides real-time 'quality checks' to human subject-matter experts. This helps them learn the novel skill of how to effectively teach and 'stump' another AI, bridging the gap between their domain expertise and the mechanics of model training.
Silicon Valley insiders, including former Google CEO Eric Schmidt, believe AI capable of improving itself without human instruction is just 2-4 years away. This shift in focus from the abstract concept of superintelligence to a specific research goal signals an imminent acceleration in AI capabilities and associated risks.
Unlike previous models that frequently failed, Opus 4.5 allows for a fluid, uninterrupted coding process. The AI can build complex applications from a simple prompt and autonomously fix its own errors, representing a significant leap in capability and reliability for developers.
In an extreme example of recursive development, Block's team uses their open-source AI agent, Goose, to write most of the new code for the Goose project itself. The ultimate goal is for the agent to become completely autonomous, rewriting itself from scratch for each release.
Instead of manually refining a complex prompt, create a process where an AI agent evaluates its own output. By providing a framework for self-critique, including quantitative scores and qualitative reasoning, the AI can iteratively enhance its own system instructions and achieve a much stronger result.
Earlier AI models would praise any writing given to them. A breakthrough occurred when the Spiral team found Claude 4 Opus could reliably judge writing quality, even its own. This capability enables building AI products with built-in feedback loops for self-improvement and developing taste.
Companies like OpenAI and Anthropic are not just building better models; their strategic goal is an "automated AI researcher." The ability for an AI to accelerate its own development is viewed as the key to getting so far ahead that no competitor can catch up.
A key strategy for labs like Anthropic is automating AI research itself. By building models that can perform the tasks of AI researchers, they aim to create a feedback loop that dramatically accelerates the pace of innovation.
Pushing the boundaries of autonomy, an engineer on the Goose team has their agent monitor all their communications. The agent then intervenes, proactively developing new features that were merely discussed with colleagues and opening a pull request without being prompted.
The recent leap in AI coding isn't solely from a more powerful base model. The true innovation is a product layer that enables agent-like behavior: the system constantly evaluates and refines its own output, leading to far more complex and complete results than the LLM could achieve alone.