Challenge the 'hire slow' mantra. Hiring is an intuitive guess, so act quickly. Once a person is in the organization, their performance is a known fact, not a guess. This clarity allows for faster decisions—both in removing underperformers and, crucially, in accelerating the promotion of superstars ahead of standard review cycles.

The most common failure mode for a founder-CEO isn't a lack of competence, but a crisis of confidence. This leads to hesitation on critical decisions, especially firing an underperforming executive. The excuses for delaying are merely symptoms of this confidence gap.

Leaders struggling with firing decisions should reframe the act as a protective measure for the entire organization. By failing to remove an underperformer or poor cultural fit, a leader is letting one person jeopardize the careers and work environment of everyone else on the team.

Horowitz argues that the critical failure mode for founders isn't making mistakes, but the subsequent loss of confidence. This leads to hesitation on necessary but painful decisions, like reorgs, creating a power vacuum and political chaos that ultimately sinks the company.

Keeping an employee in a role where they are failing is a profound disservice. You cannot coach someone into a fundamentally bad fit. The employee isn't growing; they're going backward. A manager's responsibility is to provide direct feedback and, if necessary, 'invite them to build their career elsewhere.'

When a startup fails due to team issues, the root cause isn't the underperforming employee. It's the CEO's inability to make the hard, swift decision to fire them. The entire team knows who isn't a fit, and the leader's inaction demotivates and ultimately drives away top performers.

High-performing CEOs don't hesitate on talent decisions. One mentor's advice was to act immediately the first time you consider firing someone, as indecision only prolongs the inevitable and harms value creation. This counteracts the common tendency for CEOs to be overly loyal or fear disruption.

Don't be paralyzed by the fear of making a bad hire. View hiring as an educated guess. The real knowledge comes after they've started working. Firing isn't a failure, but the confirmation of a mismatched hypothesis. This reframes hiring from a high-stakes decision to an iterative process of finding the right fit.

Leaders who complain their team isn't as good as them are misplacing blame. They are the ones who hired and trained those individuals. The team's failure is ultimately the leader's failure in either talent selection, skill development, or both, demanding radical ownership.